姚媛,贺欣,朱君.云贵高原昆明站点不同气溶胶污染个例下气溶胶特征对比研究[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(6):1976-1986
云贵高原昆明站点不同气溶胶污染个例下气溶胶特征对比研究
- Contrastive aerosol characteristics during different aerosol pollution cases in Kunming site of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41975161，41905026）；江苏省自然科学基金（No.BK20170943，BK20170945）
- 姚媛
- 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044
- 贺欣
- 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044
- 朱君
- 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044
- 摘要：利用地基CE-318太阳光度计反演数据、中分辨率成像光谱仪（Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer，MODIS）、云-气溶胶激光雷达、红外路径探测卫星（Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation，CALIPSO）遥感产品及拉格朗日混合单粒子轨迹模型（Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model，HYSPLIT），研究了中国西南云贵高原昆明站点混合型气溶胶日（2012年3月31日）、生物质燃烧气溶胶日（2012年4月4日）、城市工业气溶胶污染日（2013年8月15日）中气溶胶光学特性、辐射特性的差异及气溶胶三维分布和可能来源.结果表明，相比于其它两种类型气溶胶污染日，生物质燃烧气溶胶污染日气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）最高，达到1.18；吸收波长指数（AAE）值最大，为1.61；消光波长指数（EAE）值最大，为1.55，细模态气溶胶粒子占比更多，细模态体积浓度峰值达到0.15 μm3·μm-2；生物质燃烧气溶胶污染日气溶胶直接辐射强迫（ARF）绝对值均为3个污染日中最高（地表ARF为-149 W·m-2，大气顶ARF为-40 W·m-2，大气ARF为109 W·m-2），气溶胶对地表的降温效应达到最大，对大气的加热作用最明显.气溶胶直接辐射强迫效率（ARFE）结果显示，生物质燃烧气溶胶相比于城市工业气溶胶对大气顶的降温作用较小，对大气的加热作用更强.气溶胶混合污染日后向轨迹来源于当日有大量生物质燃烧的中南半岛区域和以城市工业气溶胶为主的中国华南及四川盆地区域，生物质燃烧污染日气流则来自中南半岛地区，上述地区同时也为MODIS AOD高值区；城市工业污染日的气流来自位于昆明局地和四川盆地的AOD高值区.气溶胶混合污染日昆明站点附近气溶胶主要位于海拔2300 m（来源于东北部的城市工业气溶胶）和4600 m（来自缅甸的生物质燃烧气溶胶）高度处；生物质燃烧污染日气溶胶浓度随高度增加而降低，3000、3500、4100 m 3个主要峰值高度处的气溶胶都来至于缅甸地区；城市工业气溶胶污染日峰值高度处气溶胶主要来自局地东北部区域，且气溶胶浓度随高度增加先增加后减小.
- Abstract：By using the ground-based CE-318 sun photometer observation data, satellite aerosol products from the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO), and the back-trajectory analysis from the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model, the differences of aerosol optical and radiation properties, aerosol three-dimensional distributions and its possible sources on the days of mixed aerosol pollution (March 31st, 2012), biomass burning aerosol pollution (April 4th, 2012), and urban industrial aerosol pollution (August 15th, 2013) were studied at Kunming, an urban site in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Southwest China. The results showed that the values of aerosol optical depth (AOD), aerosol absorption angstrom exponent (AAE) and aerosol extinction angstrom exponent (EAE) on the biomass burning aerosol pollution day were the highest (1.18, 1.61, 1.55, respectively) compared with the other two types of aerosol pollution days. Besides, the proportion of fine-mode aerosol on that day was largest, with its volume concentration of 0.15 μm3·μm-2. The absolute values of aerosol direct radiative forcing (ARF) on biomass burning aerosol pollution day (ARF at the bottom of atmosphere=-149 W·m-2, ARF at the top of atmosphere=-40 W·m-2, and ARF for the atmosphere=109 W·m-2, respectively) were the highest, which introduced the strongest cooling effect at the surface and heating effect for atmosphere of the biomass burning aerosol. The aerosol direct radiative forcing efficiency (ARFE) illustrated that biomass burning aerosol showed weaker cooling effect at the top of atmospheric and stronger effect of heating the atmosphere than that of urban industrial aerosol. On the days of mixed aerosol pollution and biomass burning aerosol pollution, MODIS AOD showed high value in the regions of Indo-China Peninsula, South China and Sichuan Basin. The HYSPLIT back-trajectories showed that the air masses ended at Kunming on mixed aerosol pollution day were mainly from Indo-China Peninsula with large area of biomass burning, and the South China and Sichuan Basin where were dominated by urban industrial aerosol, while those on biomass burning pollution day were mainly from Indo-China Peninsula. However, the air flows ended Kunming on urban industrial pollution day came from the local area of Kunming and Sichuan Basin where showed high MODIS AOD value. On mixed aerosol pollution day, the aerosols near Kunming site mainly accumulated at the altitudes of 2300 m (urban industrial aerosol from the northeast of Kunming) and 4600 m (biomass burning aerosol from Myanmar). The aerosol concentration on biomass aerosol pollution day decreased with the height, and aerosol at its three main peak altitudes (3000 m, 3500 m and 4100 m) all came from Myanmar. Aerosol at the heights of peak values on urban industrial aerosol pollution day mainly came from the northeastern part of the site, and the aerosol concentration increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of the height.
