专论与综述
袁林江,马切切,赵杰.宏组学方法及在污水生物处理系统研究中的应用[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(8):2690-2699
宏组学方法及在污水生物处理系统研究中的应用
- Meta-omics and its application in biological wastewater treatment system
- 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(No.51878538)
- 袁林江
- 西安建筑科技大学, 陕西省环境重点实验室, 西北水资源环境与生态重点实验室, 西安 710055
- 马切切
- 西安建筑科技大学, 陕西省环境重点实验室, 西北水资源环境与生态重点实验室, 西安 710055
- 赵杰
- 西安建筑科技大学, 陕西省环境重点实验室, 西北水资源环境与生态重点实验室, 西安 710055
- 摘要:近年来随着测序、质谱等技术的高速发展,基于核酸分子信息为基础的包含宏基因组学、宏转录组学、宏蛋白组学与代谢组学等核心内容的生物分子宏组学方法逐渐成熟,成为揭示污水生物处理系统中的关键微生物菌群结构和功能特征的有力工具,也在检测污水系统中多种ARGs以及探究其传播机制上发挥出无法替代的巨大优势,在污水生物处理研究中应用宏组学,对于深化认知污水处理系统本质、提高污水处理效率以及控制ARGs在环境中的传播具有重要指导意义.本文对宏组学方法进行了简单的介绍,着重综述了其在污水生物脱氮、强化生物除磷及探究抗生素抗性基因等方面的进展,并展望了其在污水生物处理系统中的广泛应用前景.
- Abstract:In recent years, with rapid development of sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies, molecular meta-omics based on nucleic acid molecular information including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabonomics gradually establishes up, and becomes an important tool to reveal the structure and function characteristics of key microbial community of biological wastewater treatment system. It also plays an irreplaceable role in detecting various ARGs and exploring their transmission mechanism, which is of importance for deepening recognition of the essence of biological wastewater treatment system, improving treatment efficiency and controlling ARGs spreading in environment. This paper introduces the development of meta-omics approaches and summarizes its applications in biological denitrification, enhancement of biological phosphorus removal and exploring ARGs, and looks forward to its more application prospects in biological treatment system in the future.