朱帅,刘世东.手性多氯联苯在电子垃圾拆解地鱼类体内的分布及累积规律[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(9):3375-3381
手性多氯联苯在电子垃圾拆解地鱼类体内的分布及累积规律
- Distribution and bioaccumulation of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls in the fishes from an E-waste site
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.21607033）；中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目（No.CSJ201905）
- 朱帅
- 自然资源部生态地球化学重点实验室, 国家地质实验测试中心, 北京 100037
- 摘要：电子垃圾拆解活动已造成当地鱼类多氯联苯（Polychlorinated Biphenyls，简称PCBs）污染，但手性PCBs在鱼类体内的分布特征和选择性富集则较少有报道.本研究采集了广东省清远市龙塘镇某电子垃圾拆解区附近水塘的鱼类样品，研究鱼肉样品中手性PCBs污染水平、分布规律和对映体选择性.结果表明，在电子垃圾拆解区鱼肉样品中均检测到7种手性PCBs，总PCBs（ΣPCBs）含量为386.7~602.8 ng·g-1（湿重），证实当地鱼类已受到手性PCBs的污染.PCB45、PCB91、PCB95、PCB132、PCB136和PCB174在鱼类样品的对映体分数（EF值）与沉积物具有显著差异，表明这些手性PCBs在鱼类体内可能具有对映体选择性富集和代谢作用.不同种类的鱼肉样品中EF值不同，说明它们对PCBs的富集能力不同.鲮鱼、鲫鱼和乌鳢对PCBs的生物/沉积物富集因子（BSAF）分别为0.31~1.71、0.30~1.86和0.50~2.64.根据乌鳢/鲮鱼和乌鳢/鲫鱼食物关系计算的生物放大因子（BMF）范围分别为1.35~4.51和2.17~5.10，表明乌鳢对手性PCBs具有生物放大作用.
- Abstract：Electronic waste dismantling and recycling activities have caused polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) pollution in local fish. However, the distribution characteristics and selective bioaccumulation of chiral PCBs in different fish species are rarely reported. In this study, three fish species samples (dace (Cirrhinus moliorella), crucian (Carassius auratus) and snakehead (Ophicephalus argu)) were collected from a pond near an electronic waste recycling area in Longtang Town, Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province. The chiral PCBs contamination levels, distribution characteristics and enantioselectivities of biotransformation in fish samples were studied. The total concentrations of seven kinds of PCBs (ΣPCBs) varied from 386.7 to 602.8 ng·g-1 (wet weight), suggesting local fish have been contaminated with chiral PCBs. The enantiomer fraction (EF) of PCB45, PCB91, PCB95, PCB132, PCB136 and PCB174 in fish are significantly different from that in sediments, indicating that these chiral PCBs may have enantioselective enrichment and metabolism in fish. The EF values in variable fish species are different, suggesting that they have different enrichment capacities for PCBs. The calculated biological/sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) ranged from 0.31 to 1.71, 0.30 to 1.86, and 0.50 to 2.64 for Cirrhinus moliorella, Carassius auratus, Ophicephalus argu, respectively. The biomagnification factors (BMFs) for chiral PCBs congeners calculated based on northern Ophicephalus argu/Cirrhinus moliorella and Ophicephalus argu/Carassius auratus coupling were lager than 1 (ranged from 1.35 to 4.51 and 2.17 to 5.10, respectively), indicating that the Ophicephalus argu has bioamplification effect on these chiral PCBs congeners.
