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路强强,赵宁,张昭,陈智坤,井光花,孙晓宇,李仁娜,黄标.园林生物质中离子液体-复合菌剂共降解体系的筛选与构建[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(11):4027-4037

Screening and construction of co-degradation system between ionic liquid and compound bacterial agent in garden biomass

基金项目：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划（No.2017ZDXM-NY-049）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划（No.2020JQ-971）；陕西省科学院科技计划项目（No.2018K-11，2020K-08）；西安市科技计划项目（No.20193058YF046NS046）

黄标
1. 陕西省科学院土壤资源与生物技术应用重点实验室, 陕西省西安植物园(陕西省植物研究所), 西安 710061;2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008

摘要：园林生物质的绿色高效降解是实现生态系统物质循环的重要环节，离子液体-生物酶作为环境友好型降解体系备受关注.通过合成1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑（[Bmim]）和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑（[Emim]）型离子液体衍生物，比较了温和条件下各离子液体对园林生物质的溶解再生性.结合复合微生物菌剂开展酶解试验，通过考察酶解率、纤维素酶活力、降解失重率和木质素含量变化等，筛选并构建最优降解体系组合.结果表明，两种离子液体的盐取代物对园林生物质有着较好的溶解再生性，当质量分数为70%~80%时，[Emim]型离子液体-复合菌剂体系的酶解率和酶活力最高.在降解末期，[Emim]Ac_75%和[Emim]FeCl_4·75%体系的降解失重率分别为46.9%和52.6%，均为阳性对照组的1.6倍，同时木质素含量分别减少41.7%和47.2%.[Emim]FeCl_4·75%-复合菌剂体系对园林生物质有着更为显著的降解效应.

Abstract：The green and efficient degradation of garden biomass is an important component to realize the circulation of ecosystem materials. The co-degradation system between ionic liquid and biological enzyme has been paid more attention recently due to its environmental friendliness. In this study, two chlorinated imidazole ionic liquid derivatives were synthesized, and the dissolution and regeneration of garden biomass by them were invested under mild conditions (50 ℃). Besides, the enzymolysis test were carried out in combination with compound bacteria agent to select and construct the optimal degradation system, including the changes of enzymatic hydrolysis rate, cellulase activity, degradation weight loss rate, and lignin content. The results indicated that ionic liquid salt substituents have good solubility and reproducibility, while the mass concentration is 70%~80%, the [Emim]-bacterial complex system has the highest enzymatic hydrolysis rate and enzyme activity. At the end of degradation, the weight loss rates of garden biomass in [Emim]Ac_75% and [Emim]FeCl_4·75% were 46.9% and 52.6%, respectively, which all were 1.6 times higher than those of the control group, and the lignin content decreased by 41.7% and 47.2%, respectively. The co-degradation system between [Emim]FeCl_4·75% and compound bacterial agent have a more significant application in garden biomass.

Key words：garden biomass ionic liquid compound bacterial agent co-degradation system construct evaluation