研究报告
崔亚茹,索娜,王磊,闫妍,黄海梅,马陈熀,郭佳,张晓山.秦皇岛市区大气臭氧生成过程及前体物敏感性研究[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(11):4105-4112
秦皇岛市区大气臭氧生成过程及前体物敏感性研究
- Study of ozone generation and photochemical regimes in the urban atmosphere of Qinhuangdao
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年项目（No.41605093）；国家重点研发计划项目（No.2016YFC0203200）
- 作者
- 单位
- 崔亚茹
- 1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 索娜
- 秦皇岛市环境应急与重污染天气预警中心, 秦皇岛 066000
- 王磊
- 秦皇岛市环境应急与重污染天气预警中心, 秦皇岛 066000
- 闫妍
- 秦皇岛市环境应急与重污染天气预警中心, 秦皇岛 066000
- 黄海梅
- 1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 马陈熀
- 1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 郭佳
- 1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 张晓山
- 1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 摘要：O3生成速率与前体物VOCs和NOx之间的非线性关系，决定了明确当地的光化学属性是制定有效臭氧污染控制策略的重要前提.为掌握秦皇岛市O3污染状况，探究秦皇岛市区O3生成过程且明确秦皇岛市区臭氧生成与其前体物的敏感性关系，本研究对2015—2019年O3污染状况进行了统计分析，并于2019年5月和9月分别选取天气晴朗的3 d对O3生成过程及影响O3生成的因子间的相互关系进行了研究，应用VOCs的OH消耗速率（LOH）和臭氧生成潜势（OFP）评估了VOCs对O3生成的贡献，并利用基于观测的箱化学模型对观测日期的O3生成与前体物关系进行了敏感性计算.研究发现，秦皇岛市O3污染天数自2015年后显著增加，2015—2019年间O3月均浓度最大值发生在夏季6月份左右.5月和9月加强观测期间O3日变化明显，呈单峰型，高值出现在12：00—18：00，大部分观测期间O3浓度峰值与温度峰值同时出现.加强观测期间日O3浓度最大值出现在5月24日为277 μg·m-3.两个月份各类别VOCs浓度排序均为烷烃>炔烃>烯烃>芳烃.VOCs各类别中烯烃的OH自由基反应活性总量最大，烷烃和烯烃的臭氧生成潜势相当，其对O3生成的贡献均较大.基于观测限制的箱模型对O3生成的前体物敏感性计算表明，观测期间秦皇岛市区处于VOCs控制区，且O3生成对烯烃的变化最为敏感.
- Abstract：The nonlinear response of O3 production to VOCs and NOx emissions involves the needs of exact knowledge of the regional photochemical regimes for designing more effective O3 control strategies. To evaluate the O3 pollution characteristics, explore the O3 formation process and identify the O3 production sensitivities to precursors in Qinhuangdao City, the O3 pollution character and concentration trend of 2015—2019 was studied in the present work. In addition, intensive observations of O3, NOx and VOCs were conducted at an urban site in selected sunny days of May and September 2019, to examine the O3 formation process and factors influencing O3 pollution of Qinhuangdao. The contributions of VOCs categories to O3 production were assessed by the OH loss rates (LOH) and ozone formation potential (OFP) calculations. Observation based models (OBM) was also utilized to identify the ozone sensitivities to precursors for the observation days. The study found the number of O3 polluted days in Qinhuangdao increased year by year since 2015. The monthly average O3 concentration of 2015—2019 was highest in June. Clear diurnal cycles of O3 concentration with the daily peaks occurring between 12:00—18:00 were observed in the intensive observation days of May and Sep 2019. The O3 peak generally occurred together with the daily temperature peaks. The highest O3 concentration in the intensive observation was observed to be 277 μg·m-3 (May 24th). The VOCs categories ranked in order of abundance were alkanes, alkynes, alkenes, and aromatics. Alkenes accounted for the largest contributions to OH reactivities in all VOCs categories. Alkanes and alkenes had comparable contributions to OFP, which were larger than other VOCs categories. The OBM study suggested that the urban site of Qinhuangdao was a VOCs-sensitive regime location, and the O3 production was more sensitive to alkenes changes.
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