• 关键词：PM_2.5  南京  水溶性离子  元素碳  PMF模型

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No.41773097，41673108，41971286）；江苏省高校自然科学基金项目（No.16KJD170001）；南京师范大学青年拔尖人才项目和江苏高校“青蓝工程”优秀青年骨干教师项目联合资助

• 贺瑶
• 1. 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210023;2. 江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心, 南京 210023;3. 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室, 南京 210023

• 韩秀秀
• 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210023

• 黄晓虎
• 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210023

• 陈志立
• 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210023

• 杨浩
• 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210023

• 黄昌春
• 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210023

• 黄涛
• 1. 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210023;2. 江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心, 南京 210023;3. 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室, 南京 210023

• 摘要：2016年12月-2017年1月，在南京市4类典型功能区（农业区、住宅区、交通干道区、工业区）各选两点，共采集了大气PM_2.5样品32套，测定并分析了其质量浓度、9种水溶性离子（WSIs）、有机碳（OC）以及元素碳（EC）的含量.观测期间，南京市冬季PM_2.5的平均浓度为104.5 μg·m^-3，分布特征为：工业区（116.6 μg·m^-3）>农业区（104.3 μg·m^-3）>住宅区（100.1 μg·m^-3）>交通干道区（96.9 μg·m^-3）；WSIs、OC和EC的平均浓度（/PM_2.5）分别为：53.4 μg·m^-3（51.1%）、11.8 μg·m^-3（11.3%）、8.2 μg·m^-3（7.8%）.农业区和住宅区受WSIs污染较严重且NOR、SOR较高，而工业区和交通干道区的OC、EC污染较严重且SOC/OC较高.进一步运用PMF模型解析，南京市冬季PM_2.5来源为：二次源（37.3%）、工业源（31.2%）、交通源（16.4%）、建筑尘（7.9%）和燃煤源（7.2%）.最后，本文收集了自2000年起南京市冬季大气PM_2.5浓度及其污染来源研究，总体而言，近年来南京冬季大气PM_2.5浓度呈下降趋势，其主要污染源比重也发生了较大变化，燃煤贡献有所下降，而工业和交通排放逐渐上升，且二次污染贡献逐渐突出.今后，控制二次污染源将成为南京市大气PM_2.5治理的重中之重.

• Abstract：From December 2016 to January 2017, every two sites of four typical functional areas (agricultural area, residential area, traffic area, and industrial area) in Nanjing were selected, and 32 sets of atmospheric PM_2.5 samples were collected. The concentration of PM_2.5, 9 water-soluble ions (WSIs), organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC) were determined. During the observation period, the average PM_2.5 concentration of winter season in Nanjing is 104.5 μg·m^-3. They are in the order:industrial area (116.6 μg·m^-3)> agricultural area (104.3 μg·m^-3)> residential area (100.1 μg·m^-3)> traffic area (96.9 μg·m^-3). The average concentration of WSIs, OC and EC (/PM_2.5) is 53.4 μg·m^-3 (51.1%), 11.8 μg·m^-3 (11.3%) and 8.2 μg·m^-3 (7.8%), respectively. Agricultural area and residential area are seriously polluted with higher WSIs and their NOR, SOR are higher, while OC, EC are more serious in industrial area and traffic area, and SOC/OC is higher. Furthermore, the PMF model showed that the sources of PM_2.5 from winter season in Nanjing was secondary sources (37.3%), industrial sources (31.2%), traffic sources (16.4%), construction dust (7.9%) and coal-fired sources (7.2%). Finally, we collected the previous studies on the sources of winter atmospheric PM_2.5 in Nanjing since 2000. Overall, the atmospheric PM_2.5 concentration in winter in Nanjing was decreasing in recent years, and the proportion of its main pollution sources has also changed significantly. The contribution of coal combustion has declined, while industry and traffic emissions have gradually increased, and the contribution of secondary pollution has gradually become prominent. In the future, the key of PM_2.5 controlling was the secondary aerosol sources in Nanjing.

• Key words：PM_2.5  Nanjing  water-soluble ions  element carbon  PMF model

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