李明,李添雨,时宇,张耀方,黄炳彬,叶芝菡,常国梁.基于MIKE耦合模型的入河污染模拟与控制效能研究[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(1):283-292
基于MIKE耦合模型的入河污染模拟与控制效能研究
- Simulation of pollutant loads to rivers and control efficiency using a coupled MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 with ECO Lab system
- 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2017ZX07102-002）
- 李明
- 1. 河海大学水文水资源学院, 南京 210098;2. 北京市水科学技术研究院, 北京 100048
- 李添雨
- 北京市水科学技术研究院, 北京 100048
- 张耀方
- 北京市水科学技术研究院, 北京 100048
- 黄炳彬
- 北京市水科学技术研究院, 北京 100048
- 叶芝菡
- 北京市水科学技术研究院, 北京 100048
- 常国梁
- 北京市水科学技术研究院, 北京 100048
- 摘要：为解决沙河水库流域河道水质差、水环境退化等问题，以主要超标污染物CODCr、NH3-N和TP为指标，应用MIKE11、MIKE SHE及ECO Lab构建流域水文水动力及水质耦合模型，探究污染物的迁移转化规律，并进一步评估不同控制措施下的河道水质改善效能.研究表明：耦合模型在研究区具有良好的适应性，水动力模拟精度良好，水质模拟PBIAS均小于40%；通过提高居民生活污水处理率、排口截污等措施削减点源污染入河是提升考核断面水质的关键，总量控制措施下，3条考核断面CODCr、NH3-N和TP年平均浓度分别减少6.91~22.82、0.66~2.70、0.09~0.30 mg·L-1，降幅明显，逐渐满足V类水质考核标准，并最终达到Ⅲ~Ⅳ类水平；同时，针对北沙河朝宗桥断面1—6月NH3-N和TP超标的状况，可在总量控制方案不足的基础上，采用组合引水方案.
- Abstract：In order to address the water quality problems such as poor river water quality and degradation of water environment in the Shahe Reservoir watershed, a modelling system which couples the MIKE SHE, MIKE 11 with ECO Lab was constructed and applied to explore the transportation and transformation of the main excessive pollutants (i.e., CODCr, NH3-N and TP) of the watershed, and to further investigate the pollution control efficiency of water quality improvement measures. The results show that the modelling system works well in the watershed as the PBIAS of water quality are less than 40% and the system also provides satisfied hydrodynamics simulations. Point-source pollution control measures including sewage interception and domestic sewage treatment enhancement are recommended as the most effective methods to improve water quality at the inspection cross sections of the rivers in the watershed. With the total pollution load control measures, the annual average concentrations of CODCr, NH3-N and TP at the three inspection cross sections decreased 6.91~22.82, 0.66~2.70 and 0.09~0.30 mg·L-1, respectively. The concentrations of those pollutants dropped significantly, gradually meet the Class V water quality requirements, and finally reached Class Ⅲ~Ⅳ. In addition to the total pollution load control measures, a combined water diversion scheme can be adopted to resolve the exceeding permitted concentrations of NH3-N and TP from January to June at the Chaozongqiao section of the Beisha River.
