• 关键词：溶解有机质组成  区域积分法  光谱指纹指数  环境行为与生态效应  巢湖

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51608002）；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2017ZX07603-003）

• 王龙
• 安徽工业大学能源与环境学院, 马鞍山 243002

• 陈宜华
• 安徽工业大学能源与环境学院, 马鞍山 243002

• 王育来
• 安徽工业大学能源与环境学院, 马鞍山 243002

• 摘要：溶解有机质（DOM）广泛存在于流域范围内不同环境介质中，并能发生迁移转化.以巢湖流域典型环境（农田土壤、浮游藻类、水生植物和沉积物） DOM样品为研究对象，利用紫外-可见光光谱和三维荧光光谱技术揭示不同环境DOM样品的组成特征，探究流域范围内不同环境介质间DOM可能迁移、转化过程及其环境行为与生态效应.结果表明，巢湖流域典型环境样品单位质量可溶性有机碳（DOC）含量均值从大到小的顺序为：浮游藻类（26701.59 mg·kg^-1）>水生植物（9331.00 mg·kg^-1）>土壤（204.93 mg·kg^-1）≈沉积物（141.13 mg·kg^-1）.与DOC含量类似，280 nm处吸光系数（a₂₈₀值）和总荧光强度均表现为：浮游藻类>水生植物>土壤≈沉积物，且沉积物和土壤DOM样品的重均分子量、芳香性、腐殖化程度均与水生植物和浮游藻类DOM样品具有显著性差异.在此基础上，本文提出了流域层面不同环境介质之间DOM的迁移转化概念模型，结果显示，流域范围内不同环境介质间DOM的迁移转化改变了其组成特征，进而导致生态效应发生改变.上述研究结果为流域环境质量提升和生态效应调控提供了一种新思路.

• Abstract：Dissolved organic matter (DOM) present widespread in the environment could be transported and transformed at watershed scale. In present study, DOM samples were collected from four typical environmental media including agricultural soil, phytoplankton, hydrophytes and sediment in Chaohu Lake basin. DOM compositions were identified by UV-Vis and fluorescent spectra, and the probable environmental behaviors and ecological effects during their transport and transformation among different environmental media at watershed scale was discussed. The results showed that DOC contents of agricultural soil, phytoplankton, hydrophytes and sediment DOM samples (per dry weight) were 204.93, 26701.59, 9331.00 and 141.13 mg·kg^-1, respectively. In accordance with DOC, a₂₈₀ values and their total fluorescent intensities of DOM samples (per dry weight) followed the order of phytoplankton > hydrophytes > soil ≈ sediment. Furthermore, notable differences of the weight mean molecular weight, aromaticity and humification degree were observed among different DOM samples. Conceptual diagram for transport and transformation of organic matter at watershed level was proposed based on our results and previous literatures, indicating that the change in compositions and properties of DOM would alter its ecological effects. This study is potential to provide a novel strategy improving environmental quality and regulating ecological effects at watershed scale.

• Key words：composition of dissolved organic matter  fluorescence regional integration  optical fingerprint index  environmental behaviors and ecological effects  Chaohu Lake

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