研究论文
朱成斌,胡菁,龙云川,周少奇.贵州草海沉积物重金属元素分布特征及健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(6):2212-2221
贵州草海沉积物重金属元素分布特征及健康风险评价
- Spatial distribution fractionation and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments from Caohai Lake, Guizhou
- 基金项目：国家重点研发计划（No.2016YFC0400708）；中国博士后科学基金（No.2019M653841XB）；贵州省基础研究计划项目（黔科合基础[2020]1Y168）；国家自然科学基金（No.U1612441）
- 作者
- 单位
- 朱成斌
- 贵州大学, 资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550003
- 胡菁
- 1. 贵州大学, 资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550003;2. 贵州科学院, 贵阳 550001
- 龙云川
- 1. 贵州大学, 资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550003;2. 贵州科学院, 贵阳 550001
- 周少奇
- 1. 贵州大学, 资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550003;2. 贵州科学院, 贵阳 550001;3. 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006
- 摘要：为研究贵州威宁草海重金属污染现状，对该区域内20个采样点表层沉积物中的6种重金属元素（Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn）进行检测和分析.结果表明，表层沉积物中Cd、Zn和Pb的含量分别为贵州省土壤背景值的32.44、614.45和185.30倍，主要来源为采矿及矿物加工.此外，县城污水排放对Cu分布有一定的影响.Cd、Zn和Pb主要以可还原态及可氧化态存在，形态分布受Fe元素影响较大；Mn则以弱酸可提取态为主，具有较高的生物有效性.健康风险评价结果表明，表层沉积物对儿童造成的非致癌风险值（1.2×101 a-1）超过限值（1.0×100 a-1），对成人（7.91×10-5 a-1）和儿童（1.11×10-3 a-1）造成的致癌风险超过了可接受水平，其中，Cd是主要的致癌风险元素.综合来看，草海表层沉积物的重金属污染较为严重.
- Abstract：In order to study the current situation of heavy metal pollution in Caohai (Weining, Guizhou Province), six heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) in surface sediments from 20 sampling sites in this area were examined and analyzed. The results show that the contents of Cd, Zn and Pb are 32.44, 614.45 and 185.30 times as much as the background values of soil in Guizhou province, which are mainly derived from mining and mineral processing. In addition, the county sewage discharge has a certain influence on the distribution of Cu. Cd, Zn and Pb mainly exist in reducible and oxidizable states, and their morphological distribution is greatly affected by Fe. Mn is mainly in the extractable state of weak acid, which has a high bioavailability. The results of health risk assessment show that the non-carcinogenic risk value caused by surface sediments to children (1.2×101 a-1) exceeds the limit (1.0×100 a-1), and the carcinogenic risk values to adults (7.91×10-5 a-1) and children (1.11×10-3 a-1) exceed the acceptable level, among which Cd is the main carcinogenic risk element. In conclusion, heavy metal pollution of surface sediments in Caohai is serious.
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