• 关键词：丹江口水库  浮游植物  群落结构  高通量测序  环境因子

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.U1704241）；中原科技创新领军人才项目（No.194200510010）

• 贺玉晓
• 河南理工大学资源环境学院, 焦作 454000

• 郑永坤
• 河南理工大学资源环境学院, 焦作 454000

• 李卫国
• 河南理工大学资源环境学院, 焦作 454000

• 张志纯
• 河南理工大学资源环境学院, 焦作 454000

• 马永霞
• 河南理工大学资源环境学院, 焦作 454000

• 赵同谦
• 河南理工大学资源环境学院, 焦作 454000

• 任玉芬
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京城市生态系统研究站, 北京 100085

• 摘要：采用高通量测序技术研究了2019年早春（2月）丹江口水库浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系.结果显示：①本次调查共检测到浮游植物6门57属，主要包括绿藻门、硅藻门、金藻门、甲藻门、隐藻门等，其中，绿藻种类（47种）>硅藻（24种）>金藻（17种），硅藻相对丰度（58.8%）>绿藻（27.2%）>金藻（11.8%），各采样点浮游植物群落结构总体相似；②浮游植物优势种为硅藻门的冠盘藻（Stephanodiscus suzukii）、变异直链藻（Melosira varians），绿藻门的葡萄藻（Botryococcus braunii）、索囊藻（Choricystis sp.），以及金藻类的近囊胞藻一种（Paraphysomonas sp.）；③Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.76~2.52，Pielou均匀度为0.28~0.38，依据多样性指数水质评判标准判断水质整体处于β-中污带；水质符合Ⅱ类标准，但总氮（TN）除外，浓度为0.93~1.21 mg·L^-1；④相关性分析表明，香农-威纳指数（H'）与Pielou均匀度指数（J）、Simpson多样性指数显著相关（p<0.01）；冗余分析表明，pH、NH₄⁺-N和NO₂^--N是影响丹江口水库早春季节浮游植物群落结构最主要的环境因子.总体而言，丹江口水库水质较好，但早春季节冠盘藻（Stephanodiscus suzukii）的大量繁殖使丹江口水库发生水华的风险增加，因此，要加强对丹江口水库水质的检测和防范意识.

• Abstract：To understand the effects of environmental factors on phytoplankton community structure in Danjiangkou Reservoir, the species composition, cell abundance, and dominant species of phytoplankton in water samples from reservoir regions were investigated with high-throughput sequencing in 2019 spring. The results showed that:① A total 57 genera of phytoplankton were identified, which belonged to 6 phyla including Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta, Dinoflagellate and Cryptophyta. Among the them, the most abundant species (47) belonged to Chlorophyta, followed by Bacillariophyta (24) and Chrysophyta (17). The higher relative abundance was found in Bacillariophyta (58.8%), Chlorophyta (27.2%), and Chrysophyta (11.8%). In addition, the similar phytoplankton community structure was detected in all sampled sites. ② The dominant species of phytoplankton were Stephanodiscus suzukii, Melosira varians, Botryococcus braunii, Choricystis sp., Paraphysomonas sp. ③ The Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 1.76 to 2.52, while the evenness of Pielou varied in a range of 0.28 to 0.38. Based on the water quality evaluation standard of diversity index, the reservoir could be classified as the β-middle pollution zone. The water quality conformed the class Ⅱ standard, except for high concentration of total nitrogen (0.93~1.21 mg·L^-1). ④ Shannon-Wiener index (H') was significantly correlated with Pielou evenness index (J) and Simpson diversity index (p < 0.01). Moreover, pH, NH₄⁺-N and NO₂^--N were the main environmental factors that affected phytoplankton community structure in Danjiangkou Reservoir in early spring. Overall, the water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir was good, but the proliferation of Stephanodiscus suzukii in early spring probably increased the risk of algal-bloom in Danjiangkou Reservoir. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the water quality monitoring and environmental safety awareness in Danjiangkou Reservoir.

• Key words：Danjiangkou Reservoir  phytoplankton  community structure  high-throughput sequencing  environmental factors

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