杨庆,黄开龙,孙浩浩,陆杰,叶林,任洪强,张徐祥.BP-1生物降解群落结构解析及关键功能菌的降解效能评估[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(7):2647-2656
BP-1生物降解群落结构解析及关键功能菌的降解效能评估
- Analysis of BP-1 biodegradation community structure and evaluation of degradation efficiency of the key functional bacteria
- 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项基金项目（No.2017ZX07202003）；江苏省重点研发计划（社会发展）项目（No.BE2019635）；江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室开放基金项目（No.KHK1804）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（No.PAPD）
- 杨庆
- 南京江岛环境科技研究院有限公司, 南京 210019
- 黄开龙
- 1. 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023;2. 南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院, 南京信息工程大学大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室, 南京 210044;3. 南京江岛环境科技研究院有限公司, 南京 210019
- 孙浩浩
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 陆杰
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 叶林
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 任洪强
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 张徐祥
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 摘要：生物降解是有机污染物去除的重要途径，为探究环境中微生物对2，4-二羟基二苯甲酮（2，4-dihydroxybenzophenone，BP-1）的降解能力，本文以BP-1为唯一碳源，设置好氧和厌氧条件分别驯化富集功能菌群，通过高通量测序技术深度解析群落多样性及功能菌群，在此基础上筛选关键功能菌，并评估其降解效能.结果显示，好氧降解是BP-1降解的主要途径，BP-1在好氧处理系统中的降解速率是厌氧体系的2.74倍.好氧体系中微生物群落多样性显著高于厌氧体系，变形菌门（Proteobacteria，40.66%）是好氧体系中的优势菌门，红环菌目（Rhodocyclales，28.15%）、假单胞菌目（Pseudomonadales，3.11%）、鞘氨醇菌目（Sphingomonadales，2.22%）是变形菌门中占优势地位的菌目.采用选择性培养基从好氧驯化污泥中筛选获得4株BP-1降解菌，经鉴定分别为甲基营养型芽孢杆菌（Bacillus methylotrophicus） BP1.1、解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens） BP1.2、红球菌（Rhodococcus sp.） BP1.3和鞘氨醇单胞菌（Sphingomonas sp.） BP1.4，其中甲基营养型芽孢杆菌BP1.1降解速率最快，在6 h内对BP-1的降解率高达99.9%，显著降低了BP-1引起的急性毒性和类雌激素效应，为高效去除废水中BP-1提供了微生物种质资源.
- Abstract：Biodegradation is an important approach to remove organic pollutants from wastewater. In order to explore the performance of microorganisms to degrade 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1), two different conditions (aerobic and anaerobic) were applied to domesticate and enrich the functional flora using the BP-1 as the sole carbon source. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to systematically analyze the bacterial community diversity and functional flora. Moreover, the key functional bacteria were screened and their degradation efficiencies were evaluated. The results showed that the degradation rate of aerobic system was 2.74 times higher than that of the anaerobic system. The diversity of microbial communities in aerobic system was significantly higher than that of anaerobic system. Rhodocyclales (28.15%), Pseudomonas (3.11%) and Sphingomonadales (2.22%) were the predominant orders in the Proteobacteria, which was the dominant phylum (40.66%) in the aerobic system. Four BP-1-degrading bacteria strains were isolated from the aerobic domesticated sludge using selective media and were identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus BP1.1, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BP1.2, Rhodococcus sp. BP1.3 and Sphingomonas sp. BP1.4. Among them, the degradation rate of Bacillus methylotrophicus BP1.1 was the highest (99.9% removal efficiency was achieved within 6 hours), which significantly reduced the acute toxicity and estrogenic effect caused by BP-1. Therefore, it could be used as a microbial resource for the efficient removal of BP-1 from wastewater.
