• 关键词：细菌群落  蓝藻源溶解性有机质  生物降解  BIOLOG-ECO  紫外-可见光谱

• 基金项目：山东省自然科学基金（培养基金）项目（No.ZR2019PC018）；山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目（No.SD2019YY002）；山东省科技发展计划项目（No.2015GNC110014）

• 闫法军
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 张婧一
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 刘峰
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 郑玉珍
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 陈有光
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 秦玉广
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 卢红
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 于振海
• 1. 山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;2. 山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室, 济南 250117

• 摘要：以水华发生草鱼养殖池塘为背景，利用紫外-可见光谱和BIOLOG-ECO技术探讨了水体细菌群落对蓝藻源溶解性有机质（Algae-derived Dissolved Organic Matter， A-DOM）的降解，并分析了降解过程中细菌群落的碳代谢特征变化.结果显示，在细菌群落不同培养时期（0、12、36、60 h，分别记为B0、B12、B36、 B60），A-DOM的紫外光谱吸收曲线变化明显（主要表现在0~36 h，240~280 nm处吸光度），其相对含量（以α_（280）表征）随培养时间延长而逐渐降低（p<0.05），而分子量（E₂/E₃）和芳香性程度（SUVA₂₅₄）逐渐增大（p<0.05），这些揭示了细菌群落对A-DOM的显著降解作用.降解过程中，水体pH及DOC、TN、TP、NO₃^-、PO₄^3-浓度均有不同程度的降低，而NH₄⁺、NO₂^-浓度则呈显著升高（p<0.05）；细菌群落碳代谢能力及代谢多样性指数Shannon、Simpson及McIntosh均呈先增大后减小的变化，其中对糖类和羧酸类碳源的利用能力变化显著（p<0.05）；PCA分析进一步表明，细菌群落碳代谢方式存在差异且主要表现在B0、B12、B36之间；相关性Heatmap图及RDA分析显示，细菌群落对A-DOM的降解利用与其碳代谢多样性的变化密切相关，且DOC和pH是影响群落代谢功能变化的主要环境因子.研究认为，草鱼养殖水体细菌群落能有效降解利用A-DOM，降解过程中群落碳代谢特征会发生明显变化并主要受水体pH及A-DOM含量的影响.

• Abstract：This study investigated the variation in metabolic characteristics of bacterial culture during the degradation of algae-derived dissolved organic matter (A-DOM) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) cultural pond, with BIOLOG-ECO plate and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrum technology. Results suggested that a significant variation was observed in the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of A-DOM at different time intervals (0 h,12 h, 36 h, 60 h, denoted by B0, B12, B36, B60) of cultivation periods of the bacterial community, especially the absorption values in the periods of 0~36 h on the wavelength from 240~280 nm; the relative content of A-DOM characterized by α₍₂₈₀₎ presented a decreasing trend during the course of the experiment (p<0.05), whereas opposite results was found in the molecular weight (characterized by E₂/E₃) and aromaticity (by SUVA₂₈₀) (p<0.05), indicating the profound degradation of A-DOM by bacterial communities. In this degradation process, it was observed a decrease in pH and the concentrations of DOC, TN, TP, NO₃^- and PO₄^3-, while a significant increase was found in the concentrations of NH₄⁺ and NO₂^- (p<0.05). A trend of increasing followed by decreasing was observed in carbon metabolism capacity and metabolic diversity indexes including Shannon, Simpson, and McIntosh of bacterial community, and its utilization ability of carbohydrate and carboxylic acid carbon sources changed significantly (p<0.05). Principle component analysis (PCA) results further highlighted the difference in the carbon metabolism of bacterial culture, mainly manifested in B0, B12, and B36; correlation heatmap and RDA analysis showed that the degradation and utilization of A-DOM by bacterial culture was closely related to the changes in carbon metabolism diversity, whilst DOC and pH were the main environmental factors that affected the metabolism of the bacterial community. The above results suggested that the bacterial culture could effectively degrade and utilize A-DOM in grass carp water, and its carbon metabolism characteristics would change significantly during the degradation process, which was mainly affected by pH and the A-DOM content in water.

• Key words：bacterial communities  algae-derived dissolved organic matter  biodegradation  BIOLOG-ECO  UV-Vis spectrum

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