闫丹丹,李怀恩,李家科,晁晓华,郝思宇,宋凯歌.雨水花园土壤重金属的累积效应与污染风险研究[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(8):3359-3365
雨水花园土壤重金属的累积效应与污染风险研究
- Study on accumulation and pollution risk of heavy metals in rain garden soil
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51879215）
- 闫丹丹
- 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安 710048
- 李怀恩
- 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安 710048
- 李家科
- 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安 710048
- 晁晓华
- 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安 710048
- 郝思宇
- 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安 710048
- 宋凯歌
- 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安 710048
- 摘要：土壤中重金属累积可污染土壤和地下水，危害人类身体健康.雨水花园作为海绵城市建设过程中雨水径流集中入渗的重要措施之一，长期雨水径流集中入渗导致雨水花园土壤发生重金属累积和污染风险.本文以陕西省西安市某高校内雨水花园为研究对象，该雨水花园建成于2011年，运行至今（2020年），汇流面积为604.7 m2，汇流比为20：1，主要收集屋面雨水.雨水花园土壤重金属监测时间为2017年4月—2019年4月，采用富集系数法、单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法对雨水花园重金属累积和污染风险进行评价.结果表明：雨水花园各土层均有3种元素（Cu、Zn、Cd）累积，Cu在土壤中小幅累积，Zn在土壤表层轻微富集，其它各层基本未富集；Cd在不同土层中富集程度不同，且易受人为活动影响.经单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法分析评价，Cu、Zn元素虽有累积，但未达到污染标准；各层土壤均受到Cd的污染，污染等级均为轻污染.
- Abstract：The accumulation of heavy metals in soil can lead to soil and groundwater pollution and harm human health. Rain garden is one of the most important measures of rainwater runoff and infiltration management in sponge city construction. Long-term rainwater collection and infiltration lead to accumulation and pollution of heavy metals in rain garden soil. This paper takes a rain garden in a university in Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, as a research object. The rain garden was built in 2011 and has been operating since then. The catchment area is 604.7 m2 and the catchment ratio is 20：1. It mainly collects roof rainwater. Monitoring period of heavy metals in the soil of the rain garden was from April 2017 to April 2019. In this paper, enrichment factor, single factor index and Nemerow integrated index were used to assess heavy metals accumulation effect and pollution risk. Results showed that three elements (Cu, Zn, Cd) accumulated in different depths of rain garden. Cu accumulated slightly in the soil and Zn were slightly enriched in the soil surface layer. Cd had different enrichment degrees in different deep soil layers as it is easily affected by human activities. Through the single factor index method and Nemerow integrated index method analysis and evaluation, although Cu and Zn have accumulated, it was found that these elements did not meet the pollution standard; all layers of soil were contaminated with Cd and the pollution levels were always mild.
