李旭,冯磊,甄箫斐,宋佳楠,谷会淞.基于CSTR反应器鸡粪秸秆共消化产甲烷特性及菌群变化研究[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(8):3312-3323
基于CSTR反应器鸡粪秸秆共消化产甲烷特性及菌群变化研究
- Study on the characteristics of co-digestion of chicken manure and straw to produce methane and the shift of bacterial community diversity
- 基金项目：辽宁省教育厅重点攻关和服务地方项目（No.JYT2020146）
- 李旭
- 沈阳航空航天大学辽宁省清洁能源重点实验室, 沈阳 110136
- 冯磊
- 沈阳航空航天大学辽宁省清洁能源重点实验室, 沈阳 110136
- 甄箫斐
- 兰州交通大学能源与动力工程学院, 兰州 730070
- 宋佳楠
- 沈阳航空航天大学辽宁省清洁能源重点实验室, 沈阳 110136
- 谷会淞
- 沈阳航空航天大学辽宁省清洁能源重点实验室, 沈阳 110136
- 摘要：基于实际工程通过控制有机负荷对不同配比鸡粪和玉米秸秆 （VS比分别为1：0、5：2、1：1）进行联合厌氧消化，分析了不同VS比变化对水解酶活性及微生物动态群落变化的影响，并确定了鸡粪秸秆联合厌氧消化的最优配比.结果表明，当VS比为1：1时，碳氮比 （C/N）为17，此时甲烷日产量峰值为31.46 L，累计产甲烷量为940.96 L，产甲烷效果最好，为最优配比；对比3组实验秸秆表面结构降解情况，C3 （VS比=1：1）组各水解酶活性均高于C1 （VS比=1：0）和C2 （VS比=5：2）组，且Megasphaera和Bacteroides作为纤维素酶主要分泌菌属相对丰度较高，纤维素酶活性峰值达到258.94 U·mL-1，使秸秆中的纤维素和木质素得到有效降解；秸秆含量增加提高了水解细菌多样性，降低了古菌多样性，Lactobacillus属于Bacteroidetes门，由于其具有较好的抗逆性在C2和C3组丰度较高，能够作为水解产酸阶段的优势菌属；C3组产甲烷古菌丰度变化较为稳定，在实验中期以食氢产甲烷菌为主，优势菌属主要有Methanosphaera和Methanobrevibacter，实验后期以食乙酸产甲烷菌为主，优势菌属主要为Methanosaeta、Methanospirillum和Methanoregula.
- Abstract：Based on the actual project, the combined anaerobic digestion of chicken manure and corn stover with different ratios (VS ratios of 1：0, 5：2, and 1：1) was carried out by controlling the organic load, and the effect of different VS ratio changes on hydrolysis was analyzed. The effect of enzyme activity and microbial dynamic community changes, and the optimal ratio of chicken manure straw combined anaerobic digestion was determined. The results showed the best ratio for VS was 1：1, and 17：1 for carbon-to-nitrogen. When at this ratio, it showed a peak methane production of 31.46 L and the cumulative methane production of 940.96 L. Compared to the degradation of the surface structure of straw in the three groups, the hydrolase activity of the C3 (VS ratio=1：1) group is higher than that of the C1 (VS ratio=1：0) and C2 (VS ratio=5：2) group. As the main cellulase-producing bacteria, Megasphaera and Bacteroides have high relative abundance, with a peak cellulase activity of 258.94 U·mL-1, which effectively degrades the cellulose and lignin in the straw; Improvement of straw quantity increased the diversity of hydrolysis bacteria and reduced the diversity of archaea. Lactobacillus belongs to Bacteroidetes. Because of its good stress resistance and high abundance in the C2 and C3 groups, and can be used as the dominant bacteria in the hydrolysis and acid production stage; The changes in the abundance of methanogenic archaea in group C3 were relatively stable. In the middle stage of the experiment, hydrogentrophic methanogens were dominant, Methanosphaera and Methanobrevibacter. In the later period of the experiment, acetoclastic methanogens were dominant, namely Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum and Methanoregula.
