杨露敏,宋晓翠,张颖,李志超.自来水给水系统中有机磷酸酯的污染特征及健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(8):3268-3278
自来水给水系统中有机磷酸酯的污染特征及健康风险评价
- Pollution profile and risk assessment of organophosphate esters in a drinking water supply system of Tianjin
- 基金项目：天津市科技支撑计划重点项目（No.18YFZCSF00740）；天津市自然科学基金（No.19JCYBJC23200）
- 杨露敏
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 教育部环境污染过程与基准重点实验室, 天津 300350
- 宋晓翠
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 教育部环境污染过程与基准重点实验室, 天津 300350
- 张颖
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 教育部环境污染过程与基准重点实验室, 天津 300350
- 李志超
- 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司, 天津 300381
- 摘要：有机磷酸酯（OPEs）是一种新兴有机污染物，其作为阻燃剂得到了广泛应用，并且在环境介质中普遍检出，但其在自来水系统中的污染特征及饮用水摄入所引起的健康风险鲜有报道.以天津市某自来水处理厂为例，采集了进水-各处理工艺出水-清水池出水-管网末梢水4个季节的水样，分析了13种OPEs的污染特征及其随季节的变化趋势，并评估了饮用水中OPEs对人体造成的健康风险.结果表明，原水中OPEs检出率为100%，其中，氯代类OPEs所占比重最大（53.1%~64.9%），水处理工艺能去除19.5%~40.3%的OPEs.在水处理工艺与输配过程中OPEs的浓度变化趋势一致，均为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季.龙头水中OPEs对人体造成的致癌风险（10-10~10-8）和非致癌风险（10-8~10-3）均低于阈值，其中，氯代类OPEs是主要的风险贡献者（占总致癌风险的60%~70%，占总非致癌风险的65%~75%），应该引起人们的重视.
- Abstract：Organophosphate esters are one kind of emerging organic pollutants, which are often used as flame retardants and widely detected in environmental media. However, their pollution characteristics in drinking water supply system are still not clear, and their health risks from drinking water are rarely reported. In this study, the water samples were collected from a drinking water system in Tianjin (China), including the raw water, effluent from each unit treatment process and tap water over seasons. Then the pollution profiles of OPEs were analyzed, and their health risks on human were evaluated. The results showed that the detection frequency of OPEs was 100%, in which chloro-OPEs accounted for the highest proportion (53.1% to 64.9%), and the removal rate of ∑OPEs was between 19.5% and 40.3% during the water treatment process. The concentrations of ∑OPEs in the water treatment processes and the pipe networks over four seasons were in the same order as follow: winter > spring> autumn > summer. The carcinogenic risk caused by OPEs in drinking water (10-10 to 10-8) and non-carcinogenic risk (10-8 to 10-3) were far below the limited value, and the chloro-OPEs were the main risk contributors (60% to 70% of the total carcinogenic risk, 65% to 75% of the total non-carcinogenic risk), which should be paid more attention.
