张颖,张洋,钱骏,徐锟,刘志红.基于城市冠层模式的成都市静稳天气气象场模拟研究[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(9):3717-3724
基于城市冠层模式的成都市静稳天气气象场模拟研究
- Simulation study on meteorological field of calm weather in Chengdu based on urban canopy model
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.41771535）；成都信息工程大学科研基金（No.KYTZ201909）；成都市科技项目（No.2018-ZM01-00037-SN）
- 张颖
- 1. 成都信息工程大学资源环境学院, 成都 610225;2. 成都市温江区气象局, 成都 611130
- 张洋
- 成都信息工程大学资源环境学院, 成都 610225
- 钱骏
- 四川省环境保护科学研究院, 成都 610041
- 徐锟
- 1. 成都信息工程大学资源环境学院, 成都 610225;2. 山东航空股份有限公司, 济南 250000
- 刘志红
- 成都信息工程大学资源环境学院, 成都 610225
- 摘要：目前城市气象场数值模拟结果与实际情况有一定误差.本文基于Landsat 8高分辨率遥感数据提取采用局地气候分区（LCZ）的城市下垫面，结合WRF模式自带下垫面分类建立了成都市精细分类下垫面，并利用WRF自带的城市冠层模式，设计了7种方案对成都市静稳天气的气象场进行了模拟分析，并结合实际监测数据对模拟结果进行了评估，对比分析了城市冠层模式和精细分类下垫面对成都市静稳天气带来的影响.研究发现：①精细化分类下垫面结合了USGS下垫面和局地气候分区数据的优势，较为准确的反映了成都的下垫面环境；②精细分类下垫面对建筑物的形态特征进行了描述，加大了地表粗糙度，能够模拟出建筑物对风的阻挡作用以及城市风场不连续、随机性强的特性；③城市冠层模式优化了静稳天气过程中城市风、温度和湿度的模拟结果，多层城市冠层模式的模拟结果优于单层城市冠层模式.因此，在成都市对污染物扩散不利的静稳天气使用多层城市冠层模式并结合精细分类下垫面将大大提高模拟精度，进而提高空气质量预报.
- Abstract：At present, the numerical simulation results of urban meteorological field have some errors with the actual observations. In this paper, the city underlying surface that adopted local climate zones(LCZ-CUS)was established based on the high resolution remote sensing data of Landsat 8 and the surface classification in the weather research and forecast (WRF) model. Additionally, seven schemes were designed to simulate and analyse the meteorological conditions of the calm weather in Chengdu using the urban canopy model embedded in WRF model. The simulation results were evaluated using ground-based observations, and the impact of the urban canopy model and LCZ-CUS on the calm weather in Chengdu was compared and analysed. The results indicated that: ①The LCZ-CUS combines the advantages of remote sensing and LCZ, accurately describes the urban characteristics of Chengdu. ②The LCZ-CUS describes the morphological characteristics of buildings, increases the roughness of the surface, and can simulate the blocking effect of buildings on wind and the discontinuous and random characteristics of urban wind fields. ③The urban canopy model optimizes the simulation results of urban wind, temperature and humidity in the process of calm weather, the simulation results of the multi-layer urban canopy model are better than the single-layer urban canopy model. Therefore, the use of a multi-layer urban canopy model combined with LCZ-CUS will greatly improve the accuracy of meteorological field simulation under calm weather in Chengdu, thereby improving the accuracy of air quality forecast results.
