杨宝林,廖晓勇,赵一澍,王亮,龚雪刚,张玉秀,马旭.苯并(α)芘与砷在蜈蚣草中的赋存转运规律及其交互作用[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(11):4694-4702
苯并(α)芘与砷在蜈蚣草中的赋存转运规律及其交互作用
- Occurrence and transportation characteristics of benzo(a)pyrene and arsenate and their interaction in Pteris vittata L.
- 基金项目：国家重点研发计划（No.2017YFD0800900）；国家科技基础性工作专项（No.2015FY111300）
- 杨宝林
- 1. 南昌大学资源环境与化工学院, 南昌 330031;2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
- 廖晓勇
- 1. 南昌大学资源环境与化工学院, 南昌 330031;2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
- 赵一澍
- 1. 南昌大学资源环境与化工学院, 南昌 330031;2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
- 王亮
- 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
- 龚雪刚
- 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
- 张玉秀
- 中国矿业大学(北京), 化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100083
- 马旭
- 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;2. 中国矿业大学(北京), 化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100083
- 摘要：蜈蚣草能够超累积土壤中的砷，对土壤环境中的多环芳烃也具有较好的耐受能力，是修复砷和多环芳烃复合污染的理想修复手段之一.为探究在苯并（a）芘和砷（As）单独污染和复合污染条件下的蜈蚣草对两种污染物的吸收转运，通过水培模拟实验揭示蜈蚣草体内砷与苯并（a）芘的交互作用，同时采用双光子激光共聚焦扫描显微技术检测观察苯并（a）芘在蜈蚣草中的赋存和分布.结果表明，添加苯并（a）芘使得蜈蚣草各部分总砷含量均下降.其中，叶、茎、根分别下降149.4、78.59、47.05 mg·kg-1（以DW计）（p<0.05），叶部下降幅度最大，达到47.3%，根部及茎部含量分别下降了40.9%和38.2%（p<0.05）.同时苯并（a）芘的添加也改变了砷在蜈蚣草体内的赋存形态，根部与叶部三价砷的比例分别下降了3.87%、4.20%（p<0.05），而茎部两种砷形态比例无显著变化.砷的添加促进了蜈蚣草各部分对苯并（a）芘的积累，每株根部、茎部和叶部的累积量分别增加了4680、109.26和226.61 ng（p<0.05），说明苯并（a）芘和砷在蜈蚣草植株中交互作用显著，砷的添加不会改变苯并（a）芘的赋存位点，但会增强蜈蚣草对于苯并（a）芘吸收，而苯并（a）芘的添加则会抑制砷的吸收，苯并（a）芘首先由蜈蚣草根部表皮细胞吸收，通过茎部的U型维管束及茎部外缘细胞转运到叶部，赋存于叶部的表皮细胞、叶脉组织及气孔细胞当中.
- Abstract：Pteris vittata L. can accumulate arsenic in soil and also have good tolerance to PAHs in soil. It is one of the ideal remediation methods for arsenic and PAHS combined pollution. To explore the mechanism of Pteris vittata L. absorb two pollutants and transport under the condition of the benzo (a) pyrene and arsenic (As) pollution alone and composite pollution, and also to reveals the interaction between arsenic and benzene(a) pyrene in the body of the Pteris vittata L. by hydroponic simulation, using two-photon laser scanning confocal microscopy to observe the benzo (a) pyrene in the occurrence and distribution of the centipede grass. The results showed that the addition of benzo (a) pyrene reduced the total arsenic content in all parts of Pteris vittata L.. Among all parts of Pteris vittata L., leaf, stem and root decrease 149.4、78.59、47.05 mg·kg-1 respectively, the leaf decreased the most, reaching 47.3%, and the root and stem content decreased by 40.9% and 38.2% respectively. At the same time, the addition of benzoyl (a) pyrene also changed the occurrence form of arsenic in Pteris vittata L.. The proportion of trivalent arsenic between root and leaf decreased by 3.87% and 4.20% respectively, while the proportion about two forms of arsenic in stem doesn't change significantly. The addition of arsenic can promote the accumulation of benzoyl (a) pyrene in each part of Pteris vittata L.. The accumulation of root, stem and leaf increased by 4680 ng, 109.26 ng and 226.61 ng per plant, respectively. The results showed that the significant interaction between benzo (a) pyrene and arsenic in Pteris vittata L., the addition of arsenic will not change the occurrence site of benzo (a) pyrene, but it will enhance the absorption of Benzo (a) pyrene by Pteris vittata L., on the contrary, the addition of Benzo (a) pyrene will inhibit the absorption of arsenic, the benzo (a) pyrene was first absorbed by the epidermal cells of the root part of scolopendrium, and transported to the leaf through the U shaped vascular bundle and the outer cells of the stem, and occurred in the epidermal cells, vein tissues and stomatal cells of the leaf part.
