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研究报告

摘要：核废料中的放射性碘对环境的污染日趋严重，固定回收放射性碘对核能的可持续发展至关重要.本文通过醛胺缩合制备了两种席夫碱共价材料—3，5-二氨基苯甲酸缩合香草醛（SB-35）和4-氨基安替比林缩合香草醛（SB-4），并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、热重分析仪（TGA/DSC）、X-射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等对两种材料的结构和形貌分别进行了表征.结果表明，两种席夫碱材料对水中碘具有较好的吸附效果，吸附行为更符合Freundlich等温吸附模型，表明该吸附过程以多分子层吸附为主；由Langmuir等温吸附可知，在25℃时SB-35和SB-4的最大理论吸附量分别为1356.49 mg·g^-1和1680.08 mg·g^-1.吸附热力学结果表明，两种材料对水中碘的吸附是吸热反应且自发进行，升高温度有利于反应进行.

Abstract：With the wide application of nuclear energy, the radioactive iodine in nuclear waste has gotten increasingly serious pollution to the environment, so the fixed recovery of radioactive iodine has become an active and growing research field. In this paper, two Schiff base covalent materials 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid condensed with vanillin (SB-35) and 4-aminoantipyrine condensed with vanillin (SB-4) are prepared by the condensation of aldehydes and amines. Characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), Synchronous thermal analyzer (TGA/DSC), X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and other instruments, we have analyzed the structure and morphology. The experimental results show that the two Schiff base materials are able to have a good effect on the adsorption of iodine in aqueous solution. The adsorption behavior of the two materials is more in line with the Freundlich isotherm adsorption model, which indicates that the adsorption process is dominated by multi-molecular layer adsorption. According to Langmuir isotherm adsorption, at 25℃, the maximum theoretical adsorption capacities of SB-35 and SB-4 respectively are 1356.49 mg·g^-1 and 1680.08 mg·g^-1. The results of adsorption thermodynamics show that the adsorption of iodine in aqueous solution by the two materials is a spontaneously endothermic reaction, and increasing temperature is beneficial to the reaction.