特别选题:环境空间管控研究

  • 王永洵,王亚飞,张静文,王强.海岸带土地利用转型及其生态环境效应——以福建海岸带为例[J].环境科学学报,2021,41(10):3927-3937

  • 海岸带土地利用转型及其生态环境效应——以福建海岸带为例
  • Land use transition in coastal area and its associated eco-environmental effect: A case study of coastal area in Fujian Province
  • 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(No.41671126);国家自然科学基金(No.41971159);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(No.XDA23020101);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41971164)
  • 作者
  • 单位
  • 王永洵
  • 福建师范大学, 地理科学学院, 福州 350007
  • 王亚飞
  • 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101
  • 张静文
  • 福建师范大学, 地理科学学院, 福州 350007
  • 王强
  • 福建师范大学, 地理科学学院, 福州 350007
  • 摘要:基于1995年、2005年、2015年的土地利用覆被数据,使用生态环境质量指数、土地利用转型的生态环境贡献率等方法,定量分析福建海岸带土地利用转型及其生态环境效应.结果表明:①整体而言,福建海岸带地区以生态用地为主要用地类型,占比达64.4%以上,成为地区生态环境质量稳定的保证;生产和生活用地整体占比不大,但却是变化动态较高的用地类型.②时序变化上,1995—2005年,工矿生产用地、城乡生活用地不断扩张,区域生态环境质量值下降2.3%;2005—2015年,生产、生活空间变迁程度趋于缓和,区域生态环境质量值缓慢下降1.3%.③空间分布上,厦门、泉州等地市以生产、生活用地为主,较高强度的用地方式和相对破碎化的用地格局使得该地区呈现较低的生态环境质量(EV值小于0.855);宁德市、莆田市内陆地区等以生态用地为主,较强的生态稳定性使得该地区呈现较高生态环境质量(EV值大于0.994).④在用地转型产生的生态环境效应上,对生态环境质量产生负面影响的主要用地变化是工矿生产用地的对外扩展,两个时段的贡献率分别达到44.9%和49.7%,且用地方式变化从功能属性和空间格局两个方面对区域生态环境质量产生影响,并引发了工业污染、景观格局破碎等生态环境问题.
  • Abstract:Land use transition and its associated eco-environmental effect in Fujian coastal area was quantitatively analyzed by using eco-environmental quality index and eco-environmental contribution rate of land use change, based on land use and cover data in 1995, 2005, and 2015. The results show that:①On the whole, ecological area was the main type of land use pattern in Fujian coastal area, accounting for more than 64.4% of the total land, which is important to ensure the eco-environmental quality stable. Although the living and production areas did not reach a high proportion, they expanded quickly. ② From 1995 to 2005, the index of eco-environmental quality decreased by 2.3% with the expansion of industrial production and living area, while it decreased by 1.3% during 2005-2015 as the demands of production and living land slowed with the tight supervision from land management departments. ③From the spatial perspective, the eco-environmental quality suffered in Xiamen, Quanzhou and other cities (less than 0.855) with an intensive and fragmented land use pattern. However, the land use pattern of Ningde and inland Putian maintained a high eco-environmental quality (more than 0.994) due to wide distribution of ecological area. ④ In terms of eco-environmental effects, the expansion of the land use for industrial and mining production posed the major threat to regional eco-environmental quality, with a contribution of 44.9% and 49.7% respectively in two periods.

  • 摘要点击次数: 539 全文下载次数: 486