• 关键词：北运河流域  植被覆盖度  生态遥感指数  环境质量

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41971381）；北京水务局重点项目（No.TAHP-2018-ZB-YY-490S）

• 苏朔
• 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院，北京 100048;北京水资源安全实验室，北京 100048;北京市资源环境与GIS重点实验室，北京 100048;北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地，北京 100048

• 宫兆宁
• 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院，北京 100048;北京水资源安全实验室，北京 100048;北京市资源环境与GIS重点实验室，北京 100048;北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地，北京 100048

• 张文静
• 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院，北京 100048;北京水资源安全实验室，北京 100048;北京市资源环境与GIS重点实验室，北京 100048;北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地，北京 100048

• 张园
• 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院，北京 100048;北京水资源安全实验室，北京 100048;北京市资源环境与GIS重点实验室，北京 100048;北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地，北京 100048

• 王一飞
• 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院，北京 100048;北京水资源安全实验室，北京 100048;北京市资源环境与GIS重点实验室，北京 100048;北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地，北京 100048

• 摘要：北运河流域作为北京城市副中心建设涉及的重要自然地理单元，流域内人类活动剧烈，生态问题突出，植被覆盖率下降.基于植被覆盖度快速实现流域内生态环境质量的全面评价，是打造生态和谐宜居示范区的重要支撑，也是实现新时期首都生态文明建设的关键.本文选取1990年、2004年、2018年时相相近的3期Landsat TM/OLI数据，首先采用线性光谱混合模型进行植被覆盖度（FVC）的计算，再利用主成分分析法构建遥感生态指数（RSEI），并对二者时空变化规律及相关性进行探究.结果表明，1990—2018年，研究区平均植被覆盖度与遥感生态指数均呈现先增后减的趋势，植被覆盖度由0.36增长至0.43再降至0.41，遥感生态指数由0.545增加为0.584后又降至0.545.1990—2004年生态质量下降的区域集中分布在北京市主城区四周，环境质量改善的区域集中分布在北运河流域北部、中心城区及东南部，而2004—2018年生态质量下降的重点区域则向东南部流域下游转移，环境质量改善的区域则大面积减少.流域内生态质量保持稳定的区域大幅增加，生态质量差与较差区域占比连续降低，表明研究区大部分区域生态系统状况趋于稳定状态，对城市中极端生态环境问题的治理初见成效.相关性分析获得的植被覆盖度与遥感生态指数相关系数表明，生态环境质量的提升与植被覆盖的增加相关.

• Abstract：As an important natural geographical unit involved in the construction of Beijing's urban sub center， the Beiyun River basin has intense human activities， prominent ecological problems and decreased vegetation coverage. Being able to quickly and comprehensively evaluate the ecological environment quality in the basin based on vegetation coverage is an important support for building an ecological harmonious and livable demonstration area and the key to realizing the construction of ecological civilization in the capital in the new era. In this paper， three similar periods of Landsat TM/OLI data in 1990， 2004 and 2018 are selected. Firstly， the linear spectral mixed model is used to calculate the vegetation coverage （FVC）， and then the principal component analysis method is used to build the remote sensing ecological index （RSEI）， and the temporal and spatial change pattern and correlation between FVC and RSEI are explored. The results show that during 1990—2018， the average vegetation coverage and remote sensing ecological index of the study area showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing， the vegetation coverage increased from 0.36 to 0.43 and then decreased to 0.41， and the RSEI increased from 0.545 to 0.584 and then decreased to 0.545. From 1990 to 2004， the areas with decreased ecological quality were concentrated around the main urban area of Beijing， the areas with improved environmental quality were concentrated in the north， central urban area and southeast of the Beiyun River Basin， while the key areas with decreased ecological quality in 2004—2018 were shifted to the downstream of the southeast River Basin， and the areas with improved environmental quality were greatly reduced. The number of regions with stable ecological quality has increased significantly， and the proportion of regions with poor and poor ecological quality has decreased continuously， indicating that most of the regions in the study area are in a stable state， and the governance of extreme ecological environment problems in cities has achieved initial results. The correlation coefficient between FVC and RSEI obtained by regression analysis shows that the improvement of ecological environment quality has a strong correlation with the increase of vegetation coverage.

• Key words：Beiyun River Basin  vegetation coverage  remote sensing ecological index  environmental quality

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