研究报告
李蕾芳,陈磊,史宏炜,商柯雨,陈世博,沈珍瑶.梯级水库建设下的水沙营养盐协同变化规律研究：以嘉陵江为例[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(1):179-187
梯级水库建设下的水沙营养盐协同变化规律研究：以嘉陵江为例
- The synergistic effect of hydrology， sediment and nutrients under cascade reservoirs construction： A case study of Jialing River
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51779010）；万人计划青年拔尖人才支持经费
- 作者
- 单位
- 李蕾芳
- 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875;环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，北京 100875
- 陈磊
- 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875;环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，北京 100875
- 史宏炜
- 北京师范大学统计学院，北京 100875
- 商柯雨
- 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875;环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，北京 100875
- 陈世博
- 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875;环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，北京 100875
- 沈珍瑶
- 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875;环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室，北京 100875;水沙科学教育部重点实验室，北京 100875
- 摘要：水库建设在兴利防洪的同时对多个环境要素造成了影响，现有研究主要分析水、沙、营养盐等单一要素变化，缺乏不同要素间的协同分析.本研究基于IHA指标、MK分析、Spearman相关分析等方法讨论了1995—2017年嘉陵江梯级水库建设对流域水-沙-污染物等单个要素和多个要素协同性的综合影响.结果表明，水库建设对河流流量具有“削峰填平”作用，其中枯水期流量增加13.3%~47.0%，丰水期流量下降率最高则达19.4%；相对于流量，水库建设对泥沙的削减作用更为明显，且对上游河流泥沙输移影响更大.同时，水库建设后其下游水、沙、营养盐过程线趋同，尤其是丰水期，水、沙、营养盐指标相关系数显著提升，均达0.75以上.该结果补充了目前水库建设对水、沙、营养盐综合影响研究的不足，为水利工程影响下的水环境综合管理提供了支撑.
- Abstract：The reservoirs meet one or multiple purposes of water management including flood control， navigation and water supply but fundamentally reshape the hydrological regimes in rivers. Consequently， natural biogeochemical processes and ecological processes are affected by the regulated water storage and residence time. Currently， most of the methods and frameworks focus on the influence of a single aspect through a 1 to 2 years of the monitoring data and are not well suited for the changes of synergistic effect on hydrology， sediment trapped and nutrients transports. Building on IHA index， MK analysis， Spearman correlation analysis and other methods， this study took Jialing River as an example to explore the synergistic impact of cascade reservoir construction on hydrology， sediment trapped and nutrients transports in a long period time from 1995 to 2017. The results showed that the reservoirs had a regulating effect on the streamflow， and the flow increased significantly by 13.3%-47.0% in the dry season， and the maximum decreasing rate reached 19.4% in the wet season. It had obvious reduction on sediment trapped， while the reservoirs in the upper reaches had a greater impact on sediment transport. At the same time， the process curve of flow， sediment discharge and nutrient density were converging especially in the wet season. The correlation coefficient value of three increased significantly reaching above 0.75. The results complemented the studies of synergistic effects of reservoir construction on hydrology， sediment trapped and nutrients transports also provided a support for the comprehensive water management under the influence of reservoir projects.
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