• 关键词：水质评价  单因子评价  熵权法  改进的综合污染指数  富营养指标  重金属指标  白云湖

• 基金项目：济南市济南环境研究院-北京师范大学合作项目

• 杜书栋
• 北京师范大学环境学院，水环境模拟国家重点实验室，北京 100875

• 关亚楠
• 北京师范大学环境学院，水环境模拟国家重点实验室，北京 100875

• 李欣
• 济南市环境研究院，济南 250100

• 赵玉强
• 济南市环境研究院，济南 250100

• 刘善军
• 济南市环境研究院，济南 250100

• 闫崇宇
• 北京师范大学环境学院，水环境模拟国家重点实验室，北京 100875

• 白军红
• 北京师范大学环境学院，水环境模拟国家重点实验室，北京 100875

• 摘要：以白云湖为例，于2016年12月（枯水期）、2017年5月（平水期）和2017年9月（丰水期）分别采集水样并测定了10种水质指标，采用单因子评价方法和综合污染指数法分析了白云湖在枯水期、平水期和丰水期的水质状况及不同湖区的污染水平，并结合熵权法和单因子评价方法构建了基于熵权法改进的综合污染指数，对白云湖进行了综合水质评价和比较.结果表明，Cu、Zn、Cr等重金属元素的单因子污染指数均达到我国Ⅱ类水环境质量标准，而水体中的总氮、总磷、氨氮、化学需氧量、Cd、As均呈现不同程度的污染水平.与传统的综合污染指数相比，基于熵权法改进的综合污染指数综合考虑了当地的污染物种类和污染水平，评价等级较细化，评价结果更具区分度.基于两种综合污染指数的评价结果发现，不同时期白云湖的污染水平表现为平水期＞枯水期＞丰水期，不同区域的污染水平从高到低依次为人工湿地＞东湖＞西湖＞锦绣江.

• Abstract：Baiyun Lake， located in Jinan City of Shandong Province， has multiple ecosystem services such as providing agricultural water， drinking water and regulating climate. However， the industrial water， residential water and agricultural water discharge into Baiyun Lake may lead to potential ecological risks in Baiyun Lake wetlands. Therefore， it’s necessary to assess water quality of this lake for wetland ecological security. Water samples were collected in Baiyun Lake in December of 2016 （dry season period）， May of 2017 （flat water period） and September of 2017 （abundant water period）， and the water quality of Baiyun Lake were assessed using single-factor evaluation method and comprehensive pollution index method. Combined the entropy weight method with single-factor evaluation method， a modified comprehensive pollution index based on the entropy weight method was developed for Baiyun Lake. The results showed that Cu， Zn， and Cr fell within the scope of China's Class Ⅱ water quality criteria， while total nitrogen （TN）， total phosphorus （TP）， ammonia nitrogen （NH₃-N）， chemical oxygen demand （COD）， Cd and As showed different pollution levels based on the single-factor water quality criteria. Compared with the traditional comprehensive pollution index， the evaluation of the modified comprehensive pollution index based on the entropy method took the local pollutant types and pollution levels into consideration， the evaluation level was more detailed， and the evaluation results were more distinguished. According to the results of both comprehensive pollution index methods， the pollution levels of Baiyun Lake in different periods followed the order flat water period> dry season period> abundant water period； and the followed order of the pollution levels in different areas of Baiyun Lake was artificial wetlands > East Lake > West Lake > Jinxiu River.

• Key words：water quality evaluation  single factor evaluation  entropy weight method  improved comprehensive pollution index  eutrophication indicator  heavy metal indicator  Baiyun Lake

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