• 关键词：林水复合系统  干湿沉降  水溶性离子  来源解析

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No.41877535）；国家留学基金委（No.201906510028）

• 丛岭
• 北京林业大学，黄河流域生态保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京100083

• 周士钧
• 北京林业大学，黄河流域生态保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京100083

• 刘莹
• 北京林业大学，黄河流域生态保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京100083

• 张振明
• 北京林业大学，黄河流域生态保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京100083

• 摘要：为研究北京市林水复合生态系统干湿沉降水溶性离子化学组分特征及来源，本实验在北京奥林匹克森林公园收集四季干沉降样品，并于采样地收集植物叶片进行室内湿沉降实验，测定了干沉降10种离子和湿沉降9种离子的含量.本实验对干沉降和湿沉降中水溶性离子的浓度进行了量化对比，并分别分析了干湿沉降的主要来源.结果表明，干湿沉降在离子组分特征及来源均不相同.大气干沉降可溶性离子化学组分的年平均离子浓度由高到低排序为SO₄^2-、NO₃^-、Cl^-、Na⁺、NH₄⁺、Ca²⁺、K⁺、HCOO^-、Mg²⁺、F^-.湿沉降离子浓度由高到低排序为Ca²⁺、SO₄^2-、Na⁺、NO₃^-、Cl^-、Mg²⁺、K⁺、F^-、NH₄⁺.干沉降离子浓度受季节变化而变化，离子浓度为春季≈夏季<秋季<冬季.湿沉降离子浓度不随降雨历时的变化而变化.结合水溶性离子相关性分析和主成分分析可以发现，干沉降污染来源第一因子为工业排放和生物质燃烧，第二主成分是扬尘，以及土壤源和海盐.湿沉降污染来源于扬尘和土壤以及二次污染源和农业燃烧等.

• Abstract：In order to understand the characteristics and sources of water soluble ionic chemical components in the dry and wet deposition of Beijing forest-wetland unite ecosystem， this experiment study collected four seasons dry deposition samples in Beijing Olympic Forest Park in four seasons and doing conducted indoor wet deposition experiment. The contents of 10 kinds of ions in dry deposition and 9 kinds of ions in wet deposition were determined. In view of the lack of previous research， the concentration of water-soluble ions in dry and wet depositions were quantitatively compared and the main sources of them were analyzed respectively source analysis was conducted. The results show that the characteristics and sources of dry and wet deposition are different. The annual mean ion concentration of soluble ionic chemical componentss in atmospheric dry deposition was sequenced in desending order as SO₄^2-，NO₃^-，Cl^-，Na⁺，NH₄⁺，Ca²⁺，K⁺，HCOO^-，Mg²⁺，F^-. The ion in wet deposition was sorted as Ca²⁺，SO₄^2-，Na⁺，NO₃^-，Cl^-，Mg²⁺，K⁺，F^-，NH₄⁺. The ion concentration of dry sedimentation varies with season. The ion concentration is the following order： spring ≈ summer < autumn < winter. However， there is no relations between ion concentrations and rainfall duration. Based on the correlation analysis of water-soluble ions and principal component analysis， it can be found that the main factor of dry deposition pollution is industrial emission and biomass combustion， and the following principal component is from dust， soil and sea salt. The pollution in wet deposition was from dust and soil， secondary pollution sources and agricultural combustion.

• Key words：forest-wetland unite ecosystem  dry and wet deposition  water-soluble-ions  source apportionment

• 
  摘要点击次数： 291 全文下载次数： 347