• 关键词：羧甲基壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸  阻垢  缓蚀  接枝率  阻垢缓蚀机制

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51778279）；泉州市“港湾计划”引进高层次人才团队项目（No.2021CT001）

• 宋荻
• 南京大学环境学院，污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室，南京 210023

• 陈炜
• 南京大学环境学院，污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室，南京 210023

• 余伟
• 南京大学环境学院，污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室，南京 210023

• 杨琥
• 南京大学环境学院，污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室，南京 210023;泉州南京大学环保产业研究院，泉州 362000

• 摘要：结垢和腐蚀是工业循环冷却水系统应用中存在的两大重要问题.以一种性能优越且绿色环保的天然高分子材料—壳聚糖为原材，制备了一系列不同接枝率的羧甲基壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸（CMCS-g-PAA）阻垢缓蚀剂.通过静态阻垢法、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、失重法、电化学法、量子计算等详细考察了CMCS-g-PAA聚丙烯酸接枝率（内部结构因素）与药剂投加量、温度等（外部环境因素）对碳酸钙的阻垢及对碳钢的缓蚀性能影响.结果表明，CMCS-g-PAA具有较好的阻垢缓蚀效果，CMCS-g-PAA的阻垢与缓蚀性能均随着接枝率的增加呈先增加后减少的变化趋势.SEM和XRD结果分析表明，CMCS-g-PAA作为阻垢剂对CaCO₃的阻垢作用是螯合作用、分散增溶和晶格畸变等多种效应共同作用的结果.在CMCS-g-PAA缓蚀机制研究中，失重法及电化学法结果大体一致，CMCS-g-PAA是一种混合型缓蚀剂，能同时抑制阴极和阳极反应；抑制机理主要是CMCS-g-PAA上羟基、氨基及羧基等活性功能基团上孤对电子易与Fe外层空轨道有效配位形成单分子层保护膜，从而隔绝腐蚀介质达到对碳钢缓蚀的目的.与CMCS-g-PAA前体羧甲基壳聚糖（CMCS）相比，CMCS-g-PAA不仅在阻垢缓蚀效率上有所提高，还大大降低了药剂投加量.量子计算表明，CMCS-g-PAA相比于CMCS具有更高的给电子倾向，能更好地螯合金属离子，故具有更高的阻垢缓蚀效率.综上，CMCS-g-PAA具有良好的阻垢缓蚀效果，是一种绿色环保的高效水处理剂材料.

• Abstract：Scaling and corrosion are two major problems in the applications of industrial circulating cooling water systems. In this study， a series of carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-poly（acrylic acid） （CMCS-g-PAA） with different grafting ratios were prepared using chitosan as a raw material， a environmental-friendly natural polymer with the excellent application potential. Static test， scanning electron microscope （SEM）， X-ray diffraction （XRD）， weight loss method， electrochemical analysis and quantum calculation were conducted to evaluate the effects of PAA grafting ratio （internal structural factor）， dosage and temperature （external environmental factors） on the scale inhibition of calcium carbonate and the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel. Results showed that CMCS-g-PAA had a good scale and corrosion inhibition performance， which first increased and then decreased with the increase of the grafting ratio. The SEM and XRD analysis results showed that the inhibition effect of CMCS-g-PAA on CaCO₃ scale was due to the multiple effects including chelation， dispersion and compatibilization， and lattice distortion. The results were nearly consistent with weight loss method and electrochemical analysis. CMCS-g-PAA was a mixed corrosion inhibitor and could inhibit both cathode and anode reactions； The inhibition mechanism was mainly ascribed to that the lone pair of electrons on the active functional groups of CMCS-g-PAA， such as hydroxyl， amino and carboxyl groups， were easily coordinated with outer empty orbitals of Fe to form a monomolecular protective film， which can isolate the corrosive medium from carbon steel. Compared with CMCS， CMCS-g-PAA not only improved scale and corrosion inhibition， but also greatly reduced the required dosage. Quantum calculation results showed that CMCS-g-PAA had a higher electron donating tendency and could chelate with metal ions more effectively than CMCS， so CMCS-g-PAA had a better scale and corrosion inhibition performance. In summary，CMCS-g-PAA is a green， environmentally-friendly and high-performance water treatment agent for scale and corrosion control.

• Key words：carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-poly（acrylic acid）  scale  corrosion  grafting ratio  scale and corrosion mechanisms

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