• 关键词：国VI重型柴油车  车载测试  二氧化碳  氮氧化物  排放特征

• 基金项目：大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目（No. DQGG0207）； 国家重点研发计划资助项目（No. 2018YFE0106800）； 移动源污染排放控制技术国家工程实验室开放基金（No. NELMS2017A15）

• 马帅
• 中国环境科学研究院， 北京 100012

• 黄志辉
• 中国环境科学研究院， 北京 100012

• 纪亮
• 中国环境科学研究院， 北京 100012

• 赵海光
• 中国环境科学研究院， 北京 100012

• 田苗
• 中国环境科学研究院， 北京 100012

• 王军方
• 中国环境科学研究院， 北京 100012

• 摘要：利用便携式尾气测量系统（PEMS）对一辆国VI重型柴油车在北京（低温）和厦门（常温）分别进行0、50%和90%负载的实际道路排放测试.结果表明，国VI重型柴油车CO₂基于功率平均排放为685 g·kWh^-1，行驶阶段CO₂基于里程的排放因子平均为662.35 g·km^-1.NO_x排放比国VI标准限值低68.3%.NO_x基于功率的排放因子为82.6 mg·kWh^-1，较国V下降98.6%，行驶阶段NO_x基于里程的排放因子较国V下降99%，国VI重型柴油车实际道路排放控制效果良好.研究发现，较高的NO_x排放主要集中在急加速段，并在长下坡结束时，出现NO_x排放峰值.此外，6次测试冷启动NO_x排放占整个测试阶段总排放的23.5%~56.7%.CO₂和NO_x排放随速度增加呈下降趋势，50%负载和90%负载时NO_x的排放因子接近10%负载的2倍.低温时CO₂和NO_x排放因子较常温时分别升高17.7%和4.5%，低温对低速行驶时CO₂排放的影响更加明显.

• Abstract：A heavy-duty China VI diesel truck was tested in Beijing （low temperature） and Xiamen （normal temperature） at 0， 50% and 90% load using portable emission measurement system （PEMS）， respectively. Results showed that the average power-based emission factor of CO₂ was 685 g·kWh^-1. The average distance-based emission factor of CO₂ during the driving phase was 662.35 g·km^-1. Nitrogen oxide （NO_x） emissions from the heavy-duty China VI diesel truck were 68.3% lower than the China VI limit. The power-based emission factor of NO_x was 82.6 mg·kWh^-1， which was 98.6% lower than that of China V vehicles. Moreover， the distance-based emission factor of NO_x during the driving phase was 99% lower than that of China V vehicles. Which indicated the significant reduction from heavy-duty China VI diesel trucks. Higher NO_x emissions were mainly generated during the rapid acceleration period and at the end of the long descent. In addition， NO_x emissions during the cold start period from the six tests accounted for 23.5%~56.7% of the total emissions. CO₂ and NO_x emission factors from the tested truck showed a downward trend with increasing speed. The NO_x emission factor at 50% load and 90% load was close to twice of that at 10% load. The emission factors of CO₂ and NO_x at low temperature increased by 17.7% and 4.5%， respectively， compared with those at normal temperature. The effect of low temperature on CO₂ emissions is more significant at low speed than that at medium and high speed.

• Key words：heavy-duty China VI diesel truck  portable emission measurement system  carbon dioxide （CO₂）  nitrogen oxide （NO_x）  emission characteristics

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