• 关键词：微塑料  大肠杆菌  脱氮副球菌  活性氧  塑料添加剂

• 基金项目：无锡市城镇污水处理厂提标改造深度处理技术研究和科技示范（No.N20191003）

• 单威
• 江南大学， 环境与土木工程学院，无锡 214122

• 张正豪
• 江南大学， 环境与土木工程学院，无锡 214122

• 黄大伟
• 江南大学， 环境与土木工程学院，无锡 214122

• 李冰冰
• 江南大学， 环境与土木工程学院，无锡 214122

• 李激
• 江南大学， 环境与土木工程学院，无锡 214122;江苏省厌氧生物技术重点实验室，无锡 214122;江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心，苏州 215009

• 摘要：微塑料对环境微生物的毒性尚不清楚.本研究通过生长曲线测试、活性氧（ROS）生成、无机氮转化效率和塑料添加剂检测，探究了聚酰胺（PA）微塑料对典型环境微生物—大肠杆菌和脱氮副球菌生长的影响.PA微塑料对大肠杆菌的毒性与其浓度呈正相关，高浓度PA（100 mg·L^-1）微塑料对大肠杆菌和脱氮副球菌的生长均产生了显著抑制，胞内ROS提升水平分别为20.4%~29.2%和82.5%~212.7%.高浓度PA微塑料虽然抑制了脱氮副球菌生长但不会影响其脱氮性能.塑料添加剂检测结果表明，在高浓度PA微塑料暴露下塑料添加剂双酚A和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯有溶出并被脱氮副球菌吸附的可能.未来应进一步关注微塑料对环境微生物的影响及其毒性机制.

• Abstract：The toxicities of microplastics （MPs） toward environmental microorganisms have not been fully understood. In this study， the toxic effects of polyamide （PA） MPs on the growths of two typical microorganisms， Escherichia Coli and Paracoccus Denitrificans， were studied by measuring growth curve， reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation， transformation efficiency of inorganic nitrogen， and concentrations of plastic additives. Results showed that the toxicity of PA MPs to E. coli was positively correlated with their concentration. PA MPs significantly inhibited the growths of E. coli and P.denitrificans at the high concentration of 100 mg·L^-1， and intracellular ROS levels were increased by 20.4%~29.2% and 82.5%~212.7%， respectively. Although high concentration of PA MPs inhibited the growth of P. denitrificans， it did not affect the nitrogen removal efficiency. The plastic additives determination result showed that bisphenol A and diethyl phthalate could dissolve out and were adsorbed by P. denitrificans when exposed to 100 mg·L^-1 of PA MPs. More attention should be paid to the effects of MPs on environmental microorganisms and the mechanism of toxicity in the future.

• Key words：microplastics  Escherichia coli  Paracoccus denitrificans  reactive oxygen species  plastic additives

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