研究报告

  • 苑浩达,刘睿,倪茂飞,王志康,吴昌妮.典型喀斯特河流溶解性有机质生物降解特性及其温度敏感性研究[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(3):218-226

  • 典型喀斯特河流溶解性有机质生物降解特性及其温度敏感性研究
  • Temperature sensitivity and the bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in a typical Karst River
  • 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(No. 42107091,41867048);贵州省科技计划项目(No.黔科合ZK[2021]219);贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目 (No.黔教合KY字[2021]109) ;贵州省科技厅社发攻关计划项目(No.黔科合SY[2010]3035)
  • 作者
  • 单位
  • 苑浩达
  • 贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵阳 550025
  • 刘睿
  • 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆 401331
  • 倪茂飞
  • 贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵阳 550025;喀斯特环境地质灾害防治实验室(贵州民族大学),贵阳 550025;贵州省工程地质灾害防治工程研究中心(贵州民族大学),贵阳 550025
  • 王志康
  • 贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵阳 550025;喀斯特环境地质灾害防治实验室(贵州民族大学),贵阳 550025;贵州省工程地质灾害防治工程研究中心(贵州民族大学),贵阳 550025
  • 吴昌妮
  • 贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵阳 550025
  • 摘要:喀斯特河流受特殊生物地球化学过程影响,其溶解性有机质(DOM)变化具有显著的区域特征.然而,当前对其DOM空间变化规律,特别是生物降解特性的研究十分有限,急需相关内容的补充.以我国典型喀斯特河流—芙蓉江为研究对象,探索了DOM光学参数(a254a350E2/E3、S275~295、BIX、FI、FRI和HIX)的空间格局,同时揭示了不同温度条件下DOM的生物降解特性.结果表明,原位水体a254a350值分别为(8.22±1.82) m-1和(5.32±1.72) m-1E2/E3和S275~295值分别为0.85~3.25和0.002~0.011.河流BIX和FI值分别为0.77~1.11和2.14~2.39 nm-1,说明内源和外源输入均为DOM的重要贡献源.HIX和FRI分别为0.54±0.16和0.86±0.06,说明水体腐殖化程度低而新生DOM丰度高.经过15 ℃暗箱培养,a254值在第28 d显著升高((14.8±3.12) m-1)(p<0.05),a350在0~21 d培养阶段下降(7 d:(3.12±1.18) m-1;14 d:(2.79±1.17) m-1;21 d:(3.11±1.11) m-1),28 d后升高((8.20±0.88) m-1)(p<0.05),而E2/E3值的变化趋势与之相反.同时,河流HIX(0.23±0.05)显著降低而FRI(0.91±0.13)升高,说明大分子腐殖质被不完全降解为新生DOM.增加培养温度(30 ℃)可进一步提升DOM的生物可用性,最终加强大分子组分的降解和小分子组分的生物矿化作用.该研究可为喀斯特区域河流DOM动态过程提供有用信息,同时有望响应全球及区域碳循环过程.
  • Abstract:River systems are largely affected by biogeochemical processes in the Karst regions, resulting in the regional characteristics of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM). However, there are limited knowledge about spatial variations and biodegradation of aquatic DOM in Karst rivers. Here we explored spatial properties for the optical patterns of DOM (a254a350E2/E3, S275~295, BIX, FI, FrI and HIX) and its biodegradation in a typical karst river—Furong River. Surface water a254 and a350 were (8.22±1.82) and (5.32±1.72) m-1, respectively. Riverine E2/E3 and S275~295 ranged between 0.85~3.25 and 0.002~0.011 nm-1. Aquatic BIX and FI varied within 0.77~1.11 and 2.14~2.39, respectively, suggesting that autochthonous or allochthonous inputs greatly contributed to the source of DOM. HIX and Frl averaged respectively 0.54±0.16 and 0.86±0.06, indicating humification was low with higher amount of freshly generated DOM. After incubation at 15 ℃, a254 significantly increased after 28 d ((14.8±3.12) m-1). Riverine a254 firstly decreased (7 d:(3.12±1.18) m-1; 14 d:(2.79±1.17) m-1; 21 d:(3.11±1.11) m-1) and then increased (28 d:(8.20±0.88) m-1) (p<0.05), whereas E2/E3 exhibited the opposite tendency. Meanwhile, HIX decreased (0.23±0.05) and Frl increased (0.91±0.13), implying that high molecular weight DOM underwent the incomplete degradation. Elevated temperature (30 ℃) enhanced DOM bioavailability, and further accelerated decomposition of high molecular weight DOM and biomineralization of low molecular weight DOM. This study provides useful information for DOM dynamics in Karst regions, and hopes to respond global and regional carbon cycling.

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