• 关键词：农药  污染场地  挥发性有机物（VOCs）  释放能力  静态箱法  动态箱法  顶空法

• 基金项目：国家重点研发计划（No.2018YFC1801101）

• 张焱鑫
• 苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院，苏州 215009

• 孙佳薇
• 清华苏州环境创新研究院，苏州 215163

• 席劲瑛
• 清华大学环境学院，北京 100084;清华苏州环境创新研究院，苏州 215163

• 张占恩
• 苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院，苏州 215009

• 摘要：为了研究农药行业污染场地典型挥发性有机物（VOCs）的释放能力，选取3个典型退役农药企业作为研究对象，采用顶空微萃取和 GC-MS法检测了污染场地中典型的VOCs种类，分别采用静态箱法、动态箱法和顶空法评价了场地土壤的VOCs释放能力.结果表明，所有采样点位共识别出215种VOCs，根据出现频率和VOCs特性从中筛选出了18种特征污染物，包括卤代烃、苯系物和有机硫等.在污染场地各点位中，采用静态箱法测得的污染土壤VOCs释放通量为7.00×10^-5~1.65×10^-2 mg·m^-2·s^-1，而采用动态箱法在0.3~2.0 m·s^-1风速下测得的VOCs释放通量为0~0.23 mg·m^-2·s^-1，风速越大释放通量越高.采用顶空法测得土壤释放VOCs的平衡浓度为3.2~235.0 mg·m^-3.对比3种方法，静态箱法设备携带方便、操作简单，但释放条件与实际存在差异；动态箱法可反映风速影响，但受现场VOCs影响结果波动较大；顶空法测定便捷快速，但无法得到释放通量绝对值.本研究结果可为农药行业及相似污染场地VOCs无组织排放评价提供参考.

• Abstract：In order to study the emission capacity of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） from contaminated sites in the pesticide industry， three typical decommissioned pesticide-production sites were selected and tested. The solid-phase microextraction （SPME） and GC-MS method were used to detect the typical VOCs emitted from the contaminated sites. Three methods including static chamber method， dynamic chamber method and headspace method were used to estimate the VOCs emission capacity. 215 VOCs were identified at all sampling sites， and 18 typical VOCs including chlorinated hydrocarbons， benzene derivatives and organic sulfur compounds were screened based on the frequency of occurrence and characteristics of VOCs. In one contaminated site， the VOCs emission fluxes from the contaminated soil were measured. The VOCs emission flux tested by the static chamber method was 7.00×10^-5~1.65×10^-2 mg·m^-2·s^-1， while the flux measured by the dynamic chamber method at a wind speed of 0.3~2.0 m·s^-1 was 0~0.23 mg·m^-2·s^-1. The VOCs emission flux increased with the wind speed. The equilibrium VOCs concentration tested by the headspace method was 3.2~235.0 mg·m^-3. Three methods were then compared. The static chamber method has portable equipment and is easy to apply， but its testing condition differs from the real emission condition. The dynamic chamber method can reflect the impact of wind speed， but could be affected by the fluctuation of onsite VOCs concentration. The headspace method can achieve a quick operation， but can’t tell the VOCs flux. The results in this study can give a reference for estimation of VOCs emission from contaminated sites in the pesticide or other industries.

• Key words：pesticide  contaminated sites  volatile organic compounds （VOCs）  emission capacity  static chamber method  dynamic chamber method  headspace method

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