研究报告

  • 蒋玲玲,凌思源,万江,桑丽,彭程,张卫.十溴二苯乙烷对蚯蚓亚急性毒性及微生物群落结构影响[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(3):477-486

  • 十溴二苯乙烷对蚯蚓亚急性毒性及微生物群落结构影响
  • Subacute toxic effects of decabromodiphenyl ethane on earthworms and its impacts on microbial community structure
  • 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(No.41877124, 21737005)
  • 作者
  • 单位
  • 蒋玲玲
  • 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海 200237
  • 凌思源
  • 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海 200237
  • 万江
  • 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海 200237
  • 桑丽
  • 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海 200237
  • 彭程
  • 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海 200237
  • 张卫
  • 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海 200237
  • 摘要:新型溴系阻燃剂十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)生产和使用量日益增大,在环境中的检出率越来越高,其生态风险正受到广泛关注.然而,有关DBDPE对陆地无脊椎生物毒性效应以及微生物群落结构的影响知之甚少.探究了不同剂量(5、10、20、50和100 mg·kg-1)DBDPE暴露对赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)生长、行为特征、抗氧化系统的毒性作用以及土壤微生物群落的影响.研究结果表明:在暴露剂量范围内(5~100 mg·kg-1),DBDPE胁迫对蚯蚓的生长和回避行为没有明显影响,但能诱导产生氧化应激反应.与对照组相比,在暴露早期(7和14 d),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)被显著诱导(p < 0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量无明显影响;但在21 d,DBDPE对SOD的诱导作用减弱,T-AOC和CAT活性受到抑制,三者活性均下降,而与对照组相比,MDA含量显著增加(p < 0.05);暴露28 d后,与对照组相比,10 mg·kg-1 DBDPE显著增加了蚯蚓体内活性氧(ROS)水平(p < 0.05),并随着暴露浓度的增加,ROS水平先增加后趋于稳定.以上结果表明DBDPE胁迫可能通过诱导ROS生成,发生氧化应激反应,引起脂质过氧化和氧化损伤.组织病理学观察发现DBDPE暴露导致了蚯蚓上皮细胞形状改变和环状肌层萎缩等结构损伤的发生.此外,DBDPE暴露改变了土壤微生物群落结构组成,其中,对变形菌门中的γ变形菌纲的影响较大.与对照组相比,不同处理组中γ变形菌纲丰度下降了8.42%~11.56%.
  • Abstract:As a novel brominated flame retardant, decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) was increasingly produced and used, and its rising environmental occurrence, levels and ecological risks have attracted more and more attention. However, little was known about the effects of DBDPE on terrestrial invertebrates and microbial community structure. In this study, the responses of growth, behavior characteristics, and antioxidant enzymes of earthworms, as well as the changes of soil microbial community under different DBDPE exposure were explored. The results showed that no significant influences were observed in the growth and avoidance behavior of earthworms within the exposure dose range (5~100 mg·kg-1). However, DBDPE could induce oxidative stress. At the early stage of exposure (7 and 14 d), the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly induced (p < 0.05), while malondialdehyde (MDA) was not significantly affected. At the 21 d, the activities of the three enzymes decreased, and the induction effects of DBDPE were weakened and even the inhibition appeared. However, the MDA contents increased significantly (p < 0.05). After 28 d exposure, compared with the control group, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly induced at 10 mg·kg-1p < 0.05), and the trend was that firstly increased and then stabilized with the increase of exposure concentration. In a word, the results revealed that the increased generations of ROS production could cause oxidative stress, which led to lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage in earthworms. Histological damages in earthworm’s tissues were observed after exposure to DBDPE, including the morphological changes of epithelial cells and annular muscular atrophy. Besides, DBDPE could change the composition of microbial community structures, especially to γ-proteobacteria belonging to the proteobacteria, its relative abundance reduced by 8.42%~11.56% in contrast to the controls.

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