• 关键词：熵  熵增  逆熵增  物质自然循环  资源/能源回收  缓释熵增

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No. 51878022）

• 郝晓地
• 北京建筑大学 城市设计高精尖中心，中—荷未来污水处理技术研发中心，北京 100044

• 吴道琦
• 北京建筑大学 城市设计高精尖中心，中—荷未来污水处理技术研发中心，北京 100044

• 李季
• 北京建筑大学 城市设计高精尖中心，中—荷未来污水处理技术研发中心，北京 100044

• Mark van Loosdrecht
• 北京建筑大学 城市设计高精尖中心，中—荷未来污水处理技术研发中心，北京 100044

• 摘要：熵为热力学第二定律中的抽象概念.按熵之理论，自然熵增和逆熵增维系着生态平衡.人类生产、生活过程中摄取资源并排放污/废水等熵增产物会促进物质熵增并破坏生态平衡，加速生物消亡.而缓释、甚至抵消这种“人为熵增”则乃实现蓝色发展目标的重要一环.如今，人为熵增所引发的自然物质熵变循环塌陷是不争的事实，“自然熵增”之原生态方法显然已不适合大规模处理城市污水，“加速熵增”的传统污水处理技术显然也已不合时宜，只有发展“逆熵增”的污水处理资源、能源化技术才是人间正道.通过对熵的具象化释义，揭示出传统污水处理技术以及污泥填埋方式为“加速熵增”过程，对人类可持续发展十分不利.只有模拟元素循环的自然的“逆熵增”过程，才能使得污水处理走向可持续发展水平.因此，污水资源化与能源化首当其冲，一定是未来污水处理的发展方向.只有通过人工缓释熵增（高效低耗污水处理技术）和促进逆熵增手段（资源与能源化技术）才能抵消人为熵增造成的影响，从而维持生态平衡.

• Abstract：Entropy is an concept in the second law of thermodynamics. According to the theory of entropy， natural and reverse entropy increase maintain the ecological balance. In the process of human livelihood and manufacture， consumed resources and discharged wastewater result in entropy increase， destroy ecological balance， and accelerate creatures’ extinction. Slowing down or even offsetting “artificial entropy increase” would play a role in realizing the “blue” development. Nowadays， it is an indisputable fact that the collapse of the natural recycling on material entropy change is caused by the artificial entropy increase. Original ecological ways conforming to “natural entropy increase” have not be suitable for large-scale treatment of municipal wastewater obviously. Traditional wastewater treatment technology of “accelerating entropy increase” has also been inappropriate apparently. Among others， resource and energy recovery from wastewater treatment must be a key approach to “reverse entropy increase”. Based on the interpretation of entropy， conventional wastewater treatment and sludge landfilling are the processes of “accelerating entropy increase”， which is unfavorable for the sustainable development. Simulating the natural “reverse entropy increase” process of element recirculation could only make wastewater treatment reach to a state of sustainable development. Therefore， the first priority is to recover resource and energy from wastewater， which must be a main-stream of future wastewater treatment. Artificial slowly-released entropy increase （efficient wastewater treatment） and greatly-promoted reverse entropy increase （resource and energy recovery） could only offset the impacts on artificial entropy increase， and thus maintain the ecological balance.

• Key words：entropy  entropy increase  reverse entropy increase  natural material cycling  resource/energy recovery  slowly-released entropy increase

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