• 关键词：轮作模式  真菌  群落结构与功能  土壤理化性质  农田

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41571287）； 安徽铜陵姜-稻轮作系统申报全球重要农业文化遗产项目

• 阳祥
• 福建师范大学地理科学学院，福州 350007

• 李先德
• 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081

• 刘吉龙
• 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081

• 林少颖
• 福建师范大学地理科学学院，福州 350007

• 尹晓雷
• 福建师范大学地理科学学院，福州 350007

• 王维奇
• 福建师范大学地理科学学院，福州 350007;福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室，福州 350007

• 张永勋
• 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081

• 摘要：为分析不同轮作模式的土壤真菌群落结构与功能特征差异，以安徽铜陵两种不同轮作模式的农田土壤为研究对象，设置水-旱轮作（姜-稻）、旱-旱轮作（姜-菜）两种样地，利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序平台测定了土壤真菌的ITS变异区序列，以分析不同轮作模式下土壤真菌群落结构和功能的差异及其影响因素.结果表明：姜季转变为菜季/稻季后均会造成土壤真菌α多样性指数增加，尤其是水-旱轮作模式（p<0.05）；与旱-旱轮作相比，水-旱轮作提高了土壤真菌群落ACE和Chao1指数（p<0.05）；子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、担子菌门（Basidiomycota）、被孢霉菌门（Mortierellomycota）和隐真菌门（Rozellomycota）是不同轮作模式下土壤环境中的主要真菌门类.被孢霉属（Mortierella）是两种轮作模式姜季处理中的主要真菌属，镰刀菌属（Fusarium）是旱-旱轮作菜季中的主要真菌属；水-旱轮作模式能有效降低白姜致病风险.在旱-旱轮作中的菜季土壤环境中真菌功能群以动植物病原真菌和腐生真菌为主，辅以内生真菌和地衣寄生真菌；在两种轮作模式中的姜季，真菌功能群均以腐生真菌和内生真菌为主；冗余分析发现，土壤含水量和土壤C/N是影响土壤环境中真菌群落结构和组成的主要因素；相关分析表明，ACE和Chao1指数与土壤容重呈显著正相关（p<0.05）.由此可见，水-旱轮作通过提高土壤真菌群落丰富度改变土壤环境中真菌群落组成，并进一步改善土壤环境健康.

• Abstract：This study aims to identify the differences in the structure and function of soil fungal community under different crop rotation patterns. To achieve that， we set up two different rotation patterns including paddy-upland rotation （ginger-rice） and dryland rotation （ginger-vegetable）， in Tongling， Anhui Province. Using Illumina miseq high-throughput sequencing platform， the sequence of ITS variation region of soil fungi was determined. We analyzed the differences of soil fungal community structure and function under different rotation patterns and their influencing factors. The results showed that： The conversion of the ginger season to the vegetable/rice season increased the soil fungi α diversity index， especially following the paddy-upland rotation model （p<0.05）. Compared to the dryland rotation， the paddy-upland rotation increased the ACE and Chao1 indexes of soil fungal communities （p<0.05）. Ascomycota， Basidiomycota， Mortierellomycota and Rozellomycota were the dominant fungi phyla of soil under different crop rotation patterns. Mortierella was the dominant fungi genus in the ginger season treatment of the two rotation modes， and Fusarium was the dominant fungi genus in the dryland rotation vegetable season. results suggested that the paddy-upland rotation model could effectively reduce the risk of ginger disease. In the vegetable season of dryland rotation， the main functional groups of soil fungi were plant and animal pathogenic fungi and saprophytic fungi， supplemented by endophyte and lichenicolous fungi. In the ginger season of the two rotation patterns， the main functional groups of soil fungi were saprophytic fungi and endophyte. The redundancy analysis results showed that soil water content and soil C/N ratio were the main factors affecting the structure and composition of soil fungi community. Correlation analysis results showed that ACE and Chao1 index were in significant positive correlation with soil bulk density （p<0.05）. In conclusion， paddy-upland rotation changed the composition of soil fungal community and further improved the soil health status by increasing the richness of soil fungal community.

• Key words：crop rotation  soil fungi  community structure and function  soil physical and chemical properties  farmland

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