• 关键词：农村  污水处理  剩余污泥  脱水设备  车载式剩余污泥脱水设备

• 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2017ZX07102004-002）

• 詹俊
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心，环境水质学国家重点实验室，北京 100085;中国科学院大学，北京 100049

• 王培京
• 北京市水科学技术研究院，北京 100048

• 李现瑾
• 江苏中车环保设备有限公司，常熟 215505

• 唐晶
• 中车山东机车车辆有限公司，济南 250022

• 徐素
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心，环境水质学国家重点实验室，北京 100085;中国科学院大学，北京 100049

• 刘俊新
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心，环境水质学国家重点实验室，北京 100085;中国科学院大学，北京 100049

• 胡明
• 北京市水科学技术研究院，北京 100048

• 郭雪松
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心，环境水质学国家重点实验室，北京 100085;中国科学院大学，北京 100049

• 摘要：日益增长的农村污水设施剩余污泥已成为农村污水治理工作开展面临的新难题，农村剩余污泥适合采用多台污水设施共用车载式剩余污泥脱水设备进行脱水后收运集中处理，而农村道路的宽度和限高以及污水设施与道路间的距离等是主要的限制因素，因此急需研发适合农村作业环境的小型车载式剩余污泥脱水关键技术与设备.本研究的车载式剩余污泥脱水通过主要脱水设备负压运行方式，有效减小设备的尺寸，设备外观尺寸为5.995 m×1.905 m×2.56 m，吸污管道50 m.结果表明：可适应农村的作业环境，满足90%以上的农村小型污水处理设施使用.该设备行驶油耗7.2 L·h^-1，工作油耗1.88 L·h^-1；脱水后的污泥含水率80%左右.模拟案例表明，车载式剩余污泥脱水设备脱水收运方式比不脱水直接收运方式每台户用小型设施每年可节省污泥收运费103.3元，在一个安装了4400台小型污水设施的农村区域，每年可节省污泥收运费约45.5万元.

• Abstract：The increasing amounts of residual sludge generated by rural wastewater facilities have become a new challenge in rural wastewater management. It is possible for multiple sewage facilities to dewater the residual sludge in rural areas using vehicle-mounted dewatering equipment before transporting the waste for centralized treatment. However， the width and passage height limits of rural roads and the distances between the sewage facilities and roads are the main constraints to this pretreatment process. Therefore， there is an urgent need for the development of small vehicle-mounted residual sludge-dewatering technologies and equipment for rural operations. The vehicle-mounted residual sludge-dewatering technology developed in this study effectively reduces the size of the equipment by operating the main dewatering equipment under negative pressure. The equipment has an external dimension of 5.995 m × 1.905 m × 2.56 m and a suction pipe of 50 m in length. It is adapted to operating environments where the width and passage height limits of rural roads make then impassable by large vehicles and the distances between facilities and roads are far， and it can meet the needs of more than 90% of small rural wastewater treatment facilities. The measured results show that the driving fuel consumption and working fuel consumption of the equipment are 7.2 L·h^-1 and 1.88 L·h^-1 respectively. The water content of the dewatered sludge is approximately 80%. The simulated case study shows that the dewatering collection method saves 103.3 yuan per year per small facility compared with the direct collection method without dewatering. Therefore， in a rural area with 4400 small wastewater facilities installed， the annual savings in sludge collection and transportation would be 455000 yuan.

• Key words：rural areas  wastewater treatment  residual sludge  dewatering equipment  vehicle-mounted residual sludge dewatering equipment

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