专论与综述
王效科,张丹红,耿春梅,曲来叶,陈炫,张楠,赵月丹.臭氧污染对我国粮食安全影响及其减缓应对措施[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(5):37-48
臭氧污染对我国粮食安全影响及其减缓应对措施
- Impact of ozone pollution on China’s food security and mitigation measures
- 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(No.31971509);O3和PM2.5复合污染协同防控科技攻关预研课题(No.DQGG202006)
- 王效科
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 张丹红
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 曲来叶
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085
- 赵月丹
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 摘要:近年来不断扩大和加重的臭氧(O3)污染,越来越受到社会各界的高度关注.基于国内外O3对农作物产量影响的相关研究结果,本文综合分析了O3对我国主要农作物产量的影响程度及其区域分布.结果表明:我国部分地区严重的空气O3污染,已经造成主要粮食作物(如小麦、水稻、玉米和大豆等)产量损失,特别是小麦产量损失可达10%以上.O3对我国粮食产量造成损失最大的地区集中在我国东部,尤其是黄淮海平原的小麦产量损失最为严重.因此,从保障我国粮食安全角度,应该加强O3对农作物生产影响模拟实验和科学评估研究.在开展O3污染防控的同时,应该积极推广减缓O3对农作物危害的政策和技术措施.
- Abstract:In recent years, widespread and aggravated ozone (O3) pollution has attracted greater social attentions. This study synthetically analyses the influences of O3 on main crop productions combined with their regional distribution in China, based on academic findings conducted by worldwide research. The results show that, the escalated O3 concentration in some regions of China significantly caused a significant loss of main grain yields (e.g. wheat, rice, corn and soybean), in particular the loss of wheat yield (more than 10%). The significant loss of grain yield caused by O3 pollution are concentrated in East China, especially in the Huang-Huai-Hai plain. Therefore, from the perspective of China’s food security, the simulation experiments and relevant scientific assessments should be strengthened to address the negative impact of O3 on crop yielding. Moreover, the political and technical measures to alleviate the negative impacts of O3 on crop production should be promoted whilst official O3 pollution controls are being carried out.