• 关键词：生物源表面活性剂  鼠李糖脂  复配体系  多环芳烃（PAHs）  增溶  焦化污染土壤

• 基金项目：国家重点研发计划（No.2018YFC1803000）

• 李华
• 山西大学环境与资源学院，太原 030006;山西省黄河实验室，太原 030006

• 宁义茹
• 山西大学环境与资源学院，太原 030006

• 张雅鑫
• 山西大学环境与资源学院，太原 030006

• 梅娟
• 山西中环惠众环保科技有限公司，太原 030006

• 朱宇恩
• 山西大学环境与资源学院，太原 030006;山西省黄河实验室，太原 030006

• 摘要：考察了单一生物源表面活性剂鼠李糖脂、黄腐酸、槐糖脂、烷基糖苷、无患子皂苷及鼠李糖脂与各非离子生物源表面活性剂复配体系对萘和菲的增溶效能，并将优选的淋洗剂体系应用于焦化场地土壤多环芳烃（PAHs）的去除.结果表明：相较其他生物源表面活性剂，鼠李糖脂和黄腐酸对萘的增溶效果更好；对于菲的增溶，槐糖脂的增溶效果更好，这与其较低的临界胶束浓度和多环芳烃的性质有关.生物源表面活性剂复配体系的增溶能力较单一表面活性剂明显增强，以3∶1复配时增溶效果最佳.60 mmol·L^-1的鼠李糖脂-黄腐酸复配体系（3∶1）对土壤中萘的去除率可达96.64%，分别是单一鼠李糖脂和黄腐酸的1.09倍和2.21倍；而对土壤中蒽、苯并（a）蒽和苯并（k）荧蒽的去除率远低于萘，分别为63.31%、42.51%和39.10%，这是由于PAHs与鼠李糖脂-黄腐酸复配体系的相互作用随苯环数的增加而减弱.本研究可为生物源表面活性剂及其复配体系高效修复PAHs污染土壤提供科学依据.

• Abstract：This study investigates the solubilizing efficiency of a single biogenic surfactant such as rhamnolipid， fulavic acid， sophorolipid， alkyl glycoside， sapindus saponin on naphthalene and phenanthrene， as well as the solubilizing efficiency of the binary system of rhamnolipid and one of other non-ionic biosurfactants. The optimized washing system is also applied for removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in soil from a coking site. The results indicate that the single biogenic rhamnolipid and fulvic acid have a better solubilizing efficiency for naphthalene than other biogenic surfactants， and sophorolipid showes a better solubilizing efficiency for phenanthrene. This finding is attributed to the lower critical micelle concentration of these surfactants and the properties of PAHs. The solubilizing efficiency of the binary system is evidently higher than that of a single surfactant， and the optimal ratio of rhamnolipid and non-ionic biosurfactant is 3∶1. The rhamnolipid-fulvic acid binary system （3∶1） at 60 mmol·L^-1 has the removal efficiency of 96.64%， which is 1.09 times of single rhamnolipid and 2.21 times of single fulvic acid. But the removal efficiency of the binary system rhamnolipid-fulvic acid （3∶1） at 60 mmol·L^-1 is low for anthracene， benzo（a）anthracene and benzo（k）fluoranthene as 63.31%， 42.51% and 39.10%， respectively. The decreased removal efficiency is attributed to decreasing interaction of PAHs and surfactant with the increasing benzene rings of PAHs. The study provides some scientific evidence for the effective remediation of PAHs-contaminated soil with biosurfactants and their binary systems.

• Key words：biogenic surfactant  rhamnolipid  binary system  PAHs  solubilizing efficiency  soil from coking site

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