研究报告

  • 折远洋,陈青雁,李忠勤,周茜,张芳芳,王芳龙,夏玄,王鹏,黄益平,高鹏飞.甘肃南部典型城镇PM2.5浓度及水溶性离子特征分析[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(7):53-62

  • 甘肃南部典型城镇PM2.5浓度及水溶性离子特征分析
  • Characteristics of PM2.5 concentration and water-soluble ions in the typical town of southern Gansu
  • 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(No.A类: XDA20060201,XDA20020102) ;甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目(No.2020B-365)
  • 作者
  • 单位
  • 折远洋
  • 江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌 330022;江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌 330022;陇南师范高等专科学校历史文化与旅游学院,成县 742500
  • 陈青雁
  • 江西师范大学科学技术学院,九江 332020
  • 李忠勤
  • 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,兰州 730000
  • 周茜
  • 兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州 730000
  • 张芳芳
  • 陇南师范高等专科学校历史文化与旅游学院,成县 742500
  • 王芳龙
  • 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,兰州 730000
  • 夏玄
  • 甘肃省成县气象局,成县 742500
  • 王鹏
  • 江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌 330022;江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌 330022
  • 黄益平
  • 江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌 330022;江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌 330022
  • 高鹏飞
  • 江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌 330022;江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌 330022
  • 摘要:为研究甘肃南部城镇PM2.5及水溶性离子(WSIIs)浓度水平,于2019年4月—2020年2月在甘肃成县按季度进行PM2.5样品采集,分析了其变化特征,并运用相关和主成分分析法进行来源解析.结果表明:采样期间甘肃成县PM2.5年平均质量浓度为(57.2±26.9) μg·m-3,表现为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季的季节变化特征,冬季质量浓度约为夏季的1.9倍,全年空气质量优良率为81%,其中夏季达100%.WSIIs质量浓度呈现SO42->NO3->Na+>NH4+>Ca2+> K+>Cl->Mg2+的特征.SNA是浓度水平最高的3种水溶性离子,占8种主要水溶性离子浓度的70.1%.ρ(NO3-)/ρ(SO42-)平均值为0.6,表明工农业生产及化石燃料燃烧排放等固定源是颗粒物污染的主要来源.新型冠状病毒疫情期间人员管控对PM2.5和水溶性离子中SNA质量浓度影响显著,PM2.5平均质量浓度降幅达44.2%.源解析表明,PM2.5中WSIIs主要来自化石燃料燃烧、生物质燃烧及二次源和道路建筑扬尘等.
  • Abstract:In order to study the pollution levels of PM2.5 and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) in the towns of southern Gansu, PM2.5 samples were collected quarterly in Cheng County of Gansu from April 2019 to February 2020. Their characteristics of variation were analyzed, and the sources were apportioned using correlation and principal component analysis. The results showed that the mean annual mass concentration of PM2.5 was (57.2±26.9) μg·m-3 in Cheng County of Gansu Province. The seasonal variation of PM2.5 concentration was represented by winter>spring>autumn>summer during the sampling period, and the concentrations in winter were about 1.9 times than that in summer. The annually good air quality rate was 81%, of which 100% in summer. The ranking of WSII concentrations was SO42->NO3->Na+>NH4+>Ca2+>K+>Cl->Mg2+.SNA is the highest water-soluble ions, accounting for 70.1% of the concentration of eight main water-soluble ions. The mean ratio of ρ(NO3-)/ρ(SO42-) was 0.6, indicating that fixed sources such as industrial and agricultural production and fossil fuel combustion emissions, was the major source for particulate pollution. During the 2019 coronavirus epidemic, control measures had a significant impact on the concentration of PM2.5 and SNA in water-soluble ions, and the mean concentration of PM2.5 was reduced by 44.2%. Source apportionment showed that WSIIs in PM2.5 were mainly from fossil fuel combustion,biomass combustion, secondary formation and road construction dust,etc.

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