研究报告
林于蓝,陈钰,尹晓雷,曾庆淞,王维奇.围垦养殖与退塘还湿对闽江河口湿地土壤铁碳结合特征的影响[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(7):466-477
围垦养殖与退塘还湿对闽江河口湿地土壤铁碳结合特征的影响
- Effects of reclamation and pond returning on iron-bound organic carbon characteristics in the soil of Minjiang estuarine wetland
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.42077086）； 福建省自然科学基金杰青项目（No.2021J06019）
- 作者
- 单位
- 林于蓝
- 福建师范大学地理研究所，福州 350007;福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室，福州 350007
- 陈钰
- 福建师范大学生命科学学院，福州 350117
- 尹晓雷
- 福建师范大学地理研究所，福州 350007;福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室，福州 350007
- 曾庆淞
- 福建师范大学生命科学学院，福州 350117
- 王维奇
- 福建师范大学地理研究所，福州 350007;福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室，福州 350007
- 摘要：为探究围垦养殖与退塘还湿对河口湿地土壤铁-碳结合特征的影响，本研究选择福建省闽江河口天然湿地、养殖塘以及退塘还湿样地为研究对象，对3个类型中的土壤铁结合态有机碳（Fe-OC）及其相关指标进行测定与分析.结果显示：①湿地围垦养殖显著影响土壤Fe-OC含量，其含量在退塘还湿后有所回升；②土壤氧化还原过程显著影响土壤中铁相的转化，湿地围垦后土壤中无定形态铁（Feo）与络合态铁（Fep）含量显著下降（p<0.05），而退塘还湿后土壤中游离态铁（Fed）含量显著下降（p<0.05）；③养殖塘复湿初期，土壤总有机碳（SOC）含量低于养殖塘，且3样地中土壤Fe-OC均主要以吸附途径结合，其在土壤总有机碳中的占比为4.25%~7.85%；④土壤Fe-OC含量与土壤SOC、Fep、氧化铁的络合度呈显著正相关（p<0.01），与土壤Feo含量呈显著正相关（p<0.05），土壤容重和pH是影响土壤Fe-OC含量的重要环境因素.湿地围垦养殖与退塘还湿能够显著影响土壤Fe-OC含量，相比天然湿地，土壤Fe-OC含量在围垦后持续下降，在复湿过程中有所回升.结果表明退塘还湿对增加湿地碳汇功能具有积极意义.
- Abstract：In order to explore the effects of reclamation and pond returning on iron-bound organic carbon characteristics in the soil Minjiang estuarine wetland， the soil samples taken from natural wetland， aquaculture shrimp ponds and pond returning plot were analyzed for their content of iron-bound organic carbon （Fe-OC） and related indicators. The results showed that： ①Wetland reclamation and aquaculture can significantly affect the content of soil Fe-OC， which was increased after returning the pond to wetland. ②The oxidation-reduction process in soil affects the transformation of iron. After reclamation， the content of Feo and Fep decreased significantly （p<0.05）， and the content of Fed decreased significantly after pond returning （p<0.05）. ③At the initial stage of pond returning， the content of SOC was lower than that of aquaculture pond. The content of Fe-OC was mainly combined by adsorption under three land use modes， and its proportion in SOC was 4.25%~7.85%. ④Soil Fe-OC content was significantly positively correlated with soil SOC， Fep， and iron oxide complexation （p<0.01） and Feo （p<0.05）. The bulk density and pH were important environmental factors affecting the Fe-OC content in soil. Reclamation and pond returning in wetland area can significantly affect the soil Fe-OC content. Compared with natural wetland， the content of Fe-OC decreased continuously after reclamation and increased in the process of pond returning. The results have shown that returning pond to wetland is significant in increasing the carbon sink of wetland.
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