• 关键词：硒  空间分异  影响因素  表层土壤  贵阳市花溪区

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No. 41867001）；贵州省耕地质量地球化学调查评价（ No.黔耕调2017-04）；贵州师范大学学术新苗培养及创新探索专项项目（No.黔科合平台人才［2018］5769-23）；贵州师范大学博士科研项目（No.GZNUD［2017］7号）；国土资源部喀斯特环境与地质灾害重点实验室开放基金资助（No.2018K02）

• 牟叶果
• 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院，贵阳 550025;贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地，贵阳550001

• 陈清霞
• 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院，贵阳 550025;贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地，贵阳550001

• 李龙波
• 贵州省地质环境监测院，贵阳550081

• 涂成龙
• 贵州医科大学环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室，贵安 550025

• 陆晓辉
• 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院，贵阳 550025;贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地，贵阳550001

• 摘要：探究区域性土壤硒的空间分异特征及其变化规律，分析不同环境因素对土壤硒水平空间分异的影响，对于增强富硒优质资源的精准管理、预防土壤硒环境问题等方面具有重要意义.以贵阳市花溪区2019个表层土壤（0~20 cm）样品为对象，综合运用全局Moran's I指数、冷热点分析、半方差函数和克里金插值等方法，从不同角度揭示花溪区土壤硒的空间结构特征和分布规律，并通过方差分析和地理探测器，系统分析了环境因子对其空间分异特征的影响.结果表明：①花溪区土壤硒含量为0.121~8.180 mg·kg^-1，平均值为0.643 mg·kg^-1，变异系数为56.9%，具有中等程度变异性；依据不同土壤硒含量分级标准，研究区土壤均以富硒为主.②土壤硒在全局空间上呈聚集性分布，局部区域中热点（高值）区集中分布在西北部、北部、西南部、南部；块基比（20.6%）表明土壤硒在空间上具有强烈的空间自相关性，结构性因素是主要影响因素.③在空间分布上，除东北部、东南部集中分布含硒土壤外，其余乡镇均分布大面积的富硒土壤，共计面积占比87.7%，其中特级、一级土壤资源主要分布在西北部、北部；北部及东南部零星分布着硒过剩土壤.④地理探测器结果表明，不同环境因子对土壤硒的空间变异解释能力从大到小依次为：土壤类型（11.7%）＞母岩类型（8.1%）＞有机质含量（6.4%）＞海拔高度（3.5%）＞pH（1.1%）＞土地利用方式（0.8%），并且土壤类型和母岩类型与其他因子交互作用的q值均较大，因此土壤类型和成土母岩是引起花溪区土壤硒空间变异的主控因子.

• Abstract：To enhance the precision management models of selenium-rich high-quality resources and prevent environmental problems of soil selenium， it is necessary to explore the spatial variation of regional soil selenium and its influencing factors. A total of 2019 surface layer （0~20 cm） samples were collected in Huaxi District of Guiyang. The spatial variation of regional soil selenium and its influencing factors were analyzed by using multiple methods， such as Global Moran's I index， Cold and Hot Spot Analysis， Semi-Variance Function and Kriging Interpolation. The results showed that the range of soil selenium content in Huaxi District was 0.121~8.180 mg·kg^-1， with the mean value of 0.643 mg·kg^-1. The variable coefficient was 56.9% with moderate variation level. The soil in the study area could be classified as selenium-rich soil according to corresponding standards. Soil selenium showed aggregation characteristics in spatial distribution. The hot spots （area with high concentrate） were distributed mainly in the northwest， north， southwest and south. Nugget coefficient （20.6%） showed that soil selenium has a strong spatial correlation in space， and structural factors was the main influencing factors. Apart from some areas in the northeast and southeast of Huaxi district， large areas of selenium-rich soils were distributed in other townships， accounting for 87.7% of the total area. The soils with highest and the second level of selenium-rich were mainly distributed in the northwest， north， selenium-excess soil was sporadically distributed in the north and southeast. The geographical detector analysis results showed that the interpretation ability of different environmental factors to the spatial variation of soil selenium was as follows： soil type （11.7%） > parent rock type （8.1%） > organic matter content （6.4%） > altitude （3.5%） > pH （1.1%） > land use mode （0.8%）. The q values of soil type and parent rock type interacting with other factors were much higher than others， which indicated that soil type and parent rock type were the main controlling factors of soil selenium spatial variation in Huaxi District.

• Key words：selenium  spatial differentiation  influencing factors  surface soil  Huaxi District, Guiyang City

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