研究报告
韩宝彬,程鹏,余毅航,田玉洁,龚育诚,陈冰娜,杨闻达,沈劲,孙家仁,罗德耀.施肥后土壤HONO排放特征及排放因子研究[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(8):449-458
施肥后土壤HONO排放特征及排放因子研究
- The characteristics of soil HONO emission and emission factors after fertilization
- 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFC0213904);广东省自然科学基金杰青项目(No.2018B030306037);广东省自然科学基金重点项目(No.2016A030311007)
- 韩宝彬
- 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州 510632;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州 510632
- 程鹏
- 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州 510632;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州 510632
- 余毅航
- 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州 510632;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州 510632
- 田玉洁
- 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州 510632;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州 510632
- 龚育诚
- 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州 510632;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州 510632
- 陈冰娜
- 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州 510632;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州 510632
- 杨闻达
- 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广州 510632;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心,广州 510632
- 孙家仁
- 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州 510655
- 罗德耀
- 广州禾信仪器股份有限公司,广州 510530
- 摘要:近年发现土壤可以排放亚硝酸(HONO),对大气氧化性具有潜在的重要影响.施肥能增加土壤含氮气体的排放,通常用排放因子表征气体排放量对化肥的响应关系.但HONO的相关研究尚为空白,制约了对这一新的地气交换机制的环境效应的评估.为此,在珠三角对一块菜地施用3种化肥(复合肥、碳酸氢铵和尿素),利用动态箱测量施肥前后的HONO排放通量.结果表明,土壤施用3种氮肥后的最大HONO排放通量分别为23.1、19.5和57.4 ng·m-2·s-1,分别是施肥前最大值的3.5、3.2和9.4倍;3种氮肥的HONO排放因子分别为8.60×10-5、1.44×10-4和2.48×10-4;施肥后HONO排放通量呈现白天高夜间低的特征,且与土壤温度、土壤孔隙含水量(WFPS,在低含水量区间)呈正相关关系.证实了施肥对HONO排放具有显著促进作用,通过外场实测获得的3种化肥HONO排放因子,将为编制HONO排放清单等后续研究提供依据.
- Abstract:Recent research has found that soil can emit substantial nitrous acid (HONO), which may have an important impact on the atmospheric oxidation. Fertilization can increase the soil emissions of nitrogen-containing gases, and the emission factors are generally used to quantify the response of gas emissions to fertilizers. But there is a lack of relevant information about HONO, restricting the assessment of the environmental effects of this new ground-to-air exchange mechanism. Here we applied three nitrogen-containing fertilizers (compound fertilizer, ammonium bicarbonate and urea) to a vegetable field in the Pearl River Delta, China, and measured the HONO emission flux with a dynamic chamber before and after fertilization. HONO emissions increased dramatically with the maximum HONO fluxes for the three fertilizers being 23.1, 19.5 and 57.4 ng·m-2·s-1, respectively, which were 3.5, 3.2 and 9.4 times of those before fertilization. HONO emission factors of the three fertilizers were 8.60×10-5, 1.44×10-4 and 2.48×10-4, respectively. The HONO emission flux after fertilization exhibits a diurnal variation with the highest emission during the day and lowest emission during the night, and is positively related to the soil temperature and soil pore water content (WFPS, in the low water content range). This study confirmed that fertilization significant promoted the soil HONO emissions. The HONO emission factors obtained through this field measurements will provide a basis for the compilation of HONO emission inventory and other follow-up studies.