研究报告

  • 刘洋,张佳乐,牛奥迎,皇甫子依,薄业华,Sultan Yousef,张榜军.草甘膦和铅联合暴露对入侵蓝藻—拟柱孢藻(Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii)联合毒性评价[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(8):485-494

  • 草甘膦和铅联合暴露对入侵蓝藻—拟柱孢藻(Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii)联合毒性评价
  • Evaluation of the joint toxicity of glyphosate and lead on Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii
  • 基金项目:河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划(No. 2021GGJS036);国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”(No. 2021YFE0112000);河南师范大学研究生创新项目(No. YL202129)
  • 作者
  • 单位
  • 刘洋
  • 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室,新乡 453007;《河南师范大学学报》编辑部, 新乡 453007
  • 张佳乐
  • 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室,新乡 453007
  • 牛奥迎
  • 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室,新乡 453007
  • 皇甫子依
  • 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室,新乡 453007
  • 薄业华
  • 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室,新乡 453007
  • Sultan Yousef
  • 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室,新乡 453007;埃及国家食品毒理与污染物研究中心,开罗 12622
  • 张榜军
  • 河南师范大学生命科学学院, 河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室,新乡 453007
  • 摘要:为探究农药和重金属对拟柱孢藻(Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii)的联合毒性效应, 本试验研究了草甘膦和铅单一及联合暴露对其生长、叶绿素含量、光合系统和抗氧化酶的影响. 结果表明:和对照相比,拟柱孢藻的生长率在低浓度草甘膦(0.7 mg·L-1)和铅(0.1和10 mg·L-1)单一暴露时显著升高, 而在高浓度草甘膦(17.1 mg·L-1)暴露时明显降低. 同时, 草甘膦和铅联合暴露与单一暴露相比生长率也显著下降, 表明联合暴露后对拟柱胞藻毒性增强. 联合暴露后荧光诱导曲线初始斜率(M0)、相对可变荧光(VJ)、单位反应中心天线色素吸收的光能(ABS/RC)、反应中心的热耗散能量(DI0/RC)、用于还原QA的能量(TR0/RC)和能量耗散量子比率(φD0)和草甘膦或铅单一暴露相比均显著升高;以吸收光能为基础的性能指数(PIABS)、PSII 潜在活性(FV/F0)、最大光化学效率φP0t = 0时传递链中超过QA的其他电子受体的概率ψ0和用于热耗散的量子比率φE0则显著降低,说明联合暴露能减少有活性的光合反应中心, 减缓电子传递速率, 造成QA-大量累积. 低浓度的草甘膦和铅单一暴露后和对照组相比叶绿素a含量、PIABSφE0升高而ABS/RC和DI0/RC降低,表明拟柱孢藻整体光合活性增加. 同时, 草甘膦和铅单一或联合暴露均影响了SOD和CAT活性. 因此,草甘膦与铅联合暴露和单一暴露相比PSII反应中心损伤和电子传递速率抑制加大, 光合效率下降更加明显, 最终影响拟柱孢藻生长.
  • Abstract:In order to explore the joint toxicity of pesticides and heavy metals on Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, the single and joint effects of glyphosate and lead were investigated on the growth, chlorophyll a content, photosynthetic system and antioxidant enzymes in C. raciborskii. The results showed that the growth rate of C. raciborskii was significantly increased with low concentrations of glyphosate (0.7 mg·L-1) and lead (0.1 and 10 mg·L-1) exposure, while remarkably decreased with high concentrations of glyphosate (17.1 mg·L-1) exposure , compared with the control group. Moreover, the growth rate of glyphosate and lead combined treatment groups was significantly lower than that of single exposure group, indicating that the toxicity of joint exposure to C. raciborskii was increased than single exposure. It is found that the joint exposure of glyphosate and lead increased the initial slope of fluorescence induction curve (M0), relatively variable fluorescence (VJ), light energy absorbed by antenna pigment per unit reaction center (ABS/RC), heat dissipation energy of reaction center (DI0/RC), energy used to reduce QA (TR0/RC) and quantum ratio of energy dissipation (φD0) significantly. Joint exposure also decreased the performance index (PIABS) based on the absorption of light energy, the potential activity of PSII (FV/F0), the maximum photochemical efficiency (φP0), the probability of other electron acceptor exceeding QA in the transmission chain at t = 0 (ψ0), and the quantum ratio for heat dissipation (φE0) significantly, indicating that joint exposure can reduce the number of photosynthetic reaction centers, slow down the electron transfer rate, and cause a large accumulation of QA-. At the same time, single exposure or joint exposure affected the activities of SOD and CAT. Therefore, joint exposure of glyphosate and lead were more obvious than the single exposure to increase the damage of PS II reaction center and inhibition of electron transfer rate, and the decline of photosynthetic efficiency, which finally affected the growth of C. raciborskii.

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