• 关键词：氟化物  晶面协同TiO₂  超声辅助-溶胶凝胶法  晶面调控  可见光催化

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51408551）；浙江省公益技术应用研究计划（No.LGF22E090008）；浙江省自然科学基金项目（No.LY21E080028）；浙江省一流学科开放基金（No.KF2021006）；浙江万里学院科研创新团队资助项目

• 谢周云
• 浙江万里学院生物与环境学院，宁波 315100

• 夏静芬
• 浙江万里学院生物与环境学院，宁波 315100

• 张妮
• 浙江万里学院生物与环境学院，宁波 315100;湖南大学环境科学与工程学院，长沙 410082

• 唐力
• 浙江万里学院生物与环境学院，宁波 315100

• 张超妍
• 浙江万里学院生物与环境学院，宁波 315100

• 徐伊漪
• 浙江万里学院生物与环境学院，宁波 315100;湖南大学环境科学与工程学院，长沙 410082

• 杨国靖
• 浙江万里学院生物与环境学院，宁波 315100;湖南大学环境科学与工程学院，长沙 410082

• 摘要：以不同氟化物为晶面控制剂，采用超声辅助-溶胶凝胶法制备｛001｝和｛101｝晶面协同的F-TiO₂，借助XRD、TEM和EDS表征其物相结构、微观形貌和元素组成，通过改变氟化物种类和添加量确定F-TiO₂的最佳制备条件，并探讨其可见光催化过程中的主要活性物种及作用机理，研究关键反应参数对F-TiO₂光催化活性的影响.结果表明，引入NH₄F、NaF和HF可调控TiO₂沿｛001｝、｛101｝晶面生长，同时F^-掺杂能够增大材料的比表面积，制备所得材料的光催化性能均高于纯TiO₂.但在NaBF₄调控下合成的TiO₂为锐钛矿/金红石/Na₃TiF₆三相共存的半导体耦合结构，可见光催化活性显著下降.当NH₄F添加量为0.1 g时，材料显示出最强的光催化性能，可见光照射60 min后RhB的降解率为97.24%，矿化率达78.39%.降解反应符合一级反应动力学规律，速率常数为0.1321 min^-1.通过自由基捕获实验和ESR测试发现，h⁺、·OH均以关键活性因子参与F-TiO₂的可见光催化过程.F-TiO₂光催化活性增强主要归因于｛001｝和｛101｝晶面的协同作用和表面异质结的形成，其能有效提高光催化反应过程中光生电子空穴对的分离和迁移效率.在可见光照射下，适当增加催化剂投加量，降低RhB初始浓度，控制溶液为中性环境，可显著提高材料的降解速率.

• Abstract：F-TiO₂ with synergistic ｛001｝ and ｛101｝ facets were prepared via an ultrasound-assisted sol-gel method using different fluorides as crystalline surface control agents， and its phase structure， microscopic morphology and elemental composition were characterized using XRD， TEM and EDS. The optimal conditions used to prepare F-TiO₂ were determined by changing the fluoride-type and loading， along with an assessment of the main active species and mechanism of the visible light catalytic process. Finally， the effects of the key reaction parameters on the photocatalytic activity of F-TiO₂ were investigated. The results show that the introduction of NH₄F， NaF and HF can regulate the growth of TiO₂ along the ｛001｝ and ｛101｝ crystal facets， while the F^– doping can increase the specific surface area of the material and the photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared materials were higher than those of pure TiO₂. However， TiO₂ synthesized under the regulation of NaBF₄ is a semiconductor coupled structure with the coexistence of three phases comprised of anatase/rutile/Na₃TiF₆ and the visible light photocatalytic activity significantly decreased. When 0.1 g of NH₄F was added， the resulting material showed the highest photocatalytic performance； the degradation rate of RhB was 97.24% and the mineralization rate reached 78.39% after irradiation with visible light for 60 min. The degradation process conforms to the first-order reaction kinetics equation and the rate constant was 0.1321 min^–1. Radical capture experiments and ESR tests revealed that both h⁺ and ·OH participate in the visible light photocatalytic process of F-TiO₂ as key active species. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of F-TiO₂ was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of the ｛001｝ and ｛101｝ crystal facets and the formation of surface heterojunctions， which effectively improve the separation and migration efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs during the photocatalytic reaction. Under visible light irradiation， the degradation rate of the materials can be significantly improved by increasing the catalyst loading， decreasing the initial concentration of RhB and controlling the solution to a neutral environment.

• Key words：fluoride  TiO₂ with crystal facet synergy  ultrasound-assisted sol-gel method  crystal facet control  visible light catalysis

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