• 关键词：CH₄吸收  土壤改良  种植并翻压黑麦草  秸秆还田  生物炭

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41907076）；烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室项目（No.30800665）

• 韩金
• 河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450002

• 姚鹏伟
• 河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450002

• 鲁琪飞
• 河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450002

• 张明杰
• 河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450002

• 杨佳豪
• 河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450002

• 王晶
• 河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450002

• 叶协锋
• 河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450002

• 摘要：为探究不同土壤改良措施对豫中烟田甲烷（CH₄）吸收规律的影响，以中烟100为供试品种，利用静态密闭暗箱法对烤烟-土壤生态系统CH₄吸收速率进行了周年测定.采用随机区组试验，共设置5个处理：不施肥（NF）、仅施用氮磷钾（NPK）、氮磷钾+种植并翻压黑麦草（NPKG）、氮磷钾+小麦秸秆还田（NPKS）和氮磷钾+施用烟秆生物炭（NPKB）.结果表明，2020年所有处理CH₄排放速率为-98.45~-13.50 μg·m^-2·h^-1，表明试验田是CH₄的吸收汇，CH₄的吸收速率随着温度的升高而增加，呈现明显的季节变化规律.在烤烟生育期，CH₄吸收速率与土壤孔隙含水率（WFPS）和土壤硝态氮含量均呈负相关，与土壤温度呈正相关.在休闲期，影响CH₄吸收速率的主要因素是土壤温度.与NPK相比，生育期NPKB处理的土壤孔隙含水率显著提高13.63%，NPKG、NPKS和NPKB处理的硝态氮和铵态氮含量均显著升高.所有处理CH₄全年吸收总量为3.25~3.83 kg·hm^-2，NPKG、NPKS和NPKB处理CH₄吸收总量较NPK处理分别显著降低了6.59%、6.82%、12.49%.添加有机物料能够显著提高 烟叶产量，其中，NPKG处理的烟叶产量最高.综合以上结果，该地区采用种植并翻压黑麦草的土壤改良措施较为合适.

• Abstract：In order to explore the effects of different soil ameliorants on methane （CH₄） uptake in tobacco-planted fields in Central Henan Province， the CH₄ uptake rate of the flue-cured tobacco-soil ecosystem was measured annually by the static opaque chamber method. The tested variety was Zhongyan 100. A randomized block experiment was conducted and five treatments were set up： no fertilizer （NF）， chemical fertilizer （NPK）， chemical fertilizer + incorporation of ryegrass （NPKG）， chemical fertilizer + wheat straw return （NPKS） and chemical fertilizer + biochar produced from tobacco stalks （NPKB）. The results showed that the CH₄ emission rate of all treatments in 2020 ranged from -98.45 to -13.50 μg·m^-2·h^-1， indicating that the experimental field acted as a sink for CH₄. The rate of CH₄ uptake increased with the increase of temperature and showed obvious seasonal variations. During the growth period of flue-cured tobacco， the rate of CH₄ uptake was negatively correlated with soil water-filled pore space （WFPS） and nitrate content， and positively correlated with soil temperature. During the fallow period， soil temperature was the main factor affecting CH₄ uptake. Compared with the NPK treatment， the WFPS of NPKB treatment was significantly increased by 13.63%， and the nitrate and ammonium contents of NPKG， NPKS and NPKB treatments were also significantly increased during the growth period. The total annual uptake of CH₄ ranged from 3.25 to 3.83 kg·hm^-2. Compared with the NPK treatment， the total uptake of CH₄ in NPKG， NPKS and NPKB treatments were significantly reduced by 6.59%， 6.82% and 12.49%， respectively. The application of organic materials could significantly increase the yield of tobacco leaves， and the NPKG treatment achieved the highest yield. Based on the above results， the incorporation of ryegrass was a more appropriate method for soil amelioration in this area.

• Key words：CH₄ uptake  soil amelioration  incorporation of ryegrass  straw return  biochar

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