研究报告
孙璐,田文寿,张文煜,刘朝顺,方春刚.上海周边地区海陆风特征及其对PM2.5和O3浓度的影响研究[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(9):339-350
上海周边地区海陆风特征及其对PM2.5和O3浓度的影响研究
- Characteristics of sea-land breezes and their impact on PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai and adjacent areas
- 基金项目：科技发展基金项目（No.2020KJ015）；国家自然科学基金（No.41875085）
- 作者
- 单位
- 孙璐
- 兰州大学大气科学学院，兰州 730000
- 田文寿
- 兰州大学大气科学学院，兰州 730000
- 张文煜
- 郑州大学地球科学与技术学院，郑州 450001
- 刘朝顺
- 华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室，上海 200062
- 方春刚
- 中国气象局云物理环境实验室，中国气象局人工影响天气中心，北京 100081
- 摘要：海陆风环流对沿海和内陆城市的大气污染物浓度有重要作用，基于风廓线雷达数据、大气PM2.5和O3质量浓度数据等分析了上海及周边地区海陆风局地环流的特征及其对区域大气污染物PM2.5和O3浓度变化的影响.研究结果表明：该区一年四季均会发生海陆风，海陆风发生的年平均日数为37.8 d.海陆风频率和强度在滨海高于内陆.海风持续时间在滨海大于内陆，而陆风持续时间滨海小于内陆.夏季的海风强度最强，其内陆地区风速和强度均小于沿海地区.海陆风导致该区的PM2.5浓度降低和沿海地区O3浓度升高.风向风速对污染物PM2.5和O3的影响在滨海地区比内陆地区更加显著.滨海地区的PM2.5污染主要来自西北方向（WNW、NW 、和NNW），西北风（NW）和偏南方向的风 （SSW、S、和SSE）会分别导致夏季和春季的O3浓度增大.随着风速增加，O3浓度增大，大约当风速在 3~4 m?s-1 时增加到峰值，然后逐渐减小.海陆风对沿海地区的O3及其前体物等污染物的循环输送及其引起的湍流混合使得沿海地区的O3变化变得很复杂.
- Abstract：Land-sea breeze circulations typically have significant effect on air pollutant concentrations in coastal cities and adjacent regions. In this study， measurements of wind profile radars and atmospheric PM2.5 and O3 concentrations were analyzed to understand the characteristics of land-sea breezes and their impacts on PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai and the nearby areas. Land-sea breezes occur in all four seasons in the study area， with an annual average of 37.8 days. The frequency and intensity of the land-sea breezes were higher in shore areas than those in the inland city. The duration of the sea breezes in the shore areas was longer than that in the inland areas， while the duration of land breezes in the shore areas was shorter than that in the inland city. The intensity of the sea breezes was the strongest in summer. The sea breezes in the inland city are weaker than those in the shore areas. Land-sea breezes in the region lead to a decrease of PM2.5 concentrations and an increase of O3 concentration in the shore areas. The influence of wind direction and speed on PM2.5 and O3 was more significant in the shore areas than the inland city. PM2.5 pollution in the coastal area was mainly transported from the northwest （WNW， NW， and NNW）. In summer and spring， northwestern （NW） and southerly winds （SSW， S and SSE） tend to increase O3 concentration. As the wind speed increases， the O3 concentrations gradually grow， reach a peak value between 3 m?s-1 and 4 m?s-1， and then gradually decrease. The transport of O3 and its precursors by land-sea breezes and associated turbulent mixing processes influence O3 in the coastal areas in a very complicated way.
- Key words：sea-land breeze PM2.5 O3 Shanghai coastal areas inland areas
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