研究报告

  • 范兴兴,谷超,徐勃,牛大伟,赵雪艳,王晓丽,李新琪,杨文.伊犁河谷核心区夏季碳质气溶胶污染特征及来源解析[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(10):100-110

  • 伊犁河谷核心区夏季碳质气溶胶污染特征及来源解析
  • Spatial distribution characteristics and source origins of carbonaceous aerosols in fine particles in Ili River Valley in summer
  • 基金项目:伊犁河谷核心区城市大气污染深度源解析及污染防治对策研究项目
  • 作者
  • 单位
  • 范兴兴
  • 天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津 300384;中国环境科学研究院,北京 100012
  • 谷超
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区生态环境监测总站,乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 徐勃
  • 山东省淄博生态环境监测中心,淄博 255000
  • 牛大伟
  • 漯河市环境监控中心,漯河 462000
  • 赵雪艳
  • 中国环境科学研究院,北京 100012
  • 王晓丽
  • 天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津 300384
  • 李新琪
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区生态环境监测总站,乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 杨文
  • 中国环境科学研究院,北京 100012
  • 摘要:为研究伊犁河谷PM2.5中碳组分特征及来源,于2021年7月19—29日在其核心区伊宁市及周边3个县(伊宁县、察布查尔县和霍城县) 设置6个监测点位采集PM2.5样品.采用热光法测定了样品中有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)的质量浓度,深入分析了夏季伊犁河谷核心区PM2.5中OC和EC的浓度特征,并用最小比值法定量估算了二次有机碳(SOC)的浓度.此外,综合使用8种碳组分丰度及正矩阵因子分解模型定量解析出PM2.5中碳质气溶胶的来源.结果表明:夏季采样期间该区域PM2.5、OC、EC的平均浓度分别为(21.9±2.0)、(5.0±0.6)、(0.6±0.1) μg?m-3,且 呈现出伊宁市碳组分浓度高于周边3县的规律.OC、EC浓度显著相关,反映出二者有较高的同源性.整个区域SOC的平均浓度为(2.1±0.9) μg?m-3,在PM2.5中的占比为9.4%,在OC中的占比为40.1%,反映出OC主要来自一次排放,但二次生成也有较大贡献;碳组分浓度相对较低的霍城县和伊宁县SOC/OC反而高于碳组分浓度较高的伊宁市和察布查尔县,说明这两个县二次转化程度较高.源解析结果表明,采样期间伊犁河谷核心区PM2.5中碳组分主要来源于机动车尾气源、道路扬尘和生物质燃烧与燃煤混合源,其贡献率分别为48.8%、34.0%和17.2%.
  • Abstract:In order to investigate the spatial distributions and sources of carbonaceous fractions in fine particles in Ili River Valley, daily PM2.5 samples were collected from July 19 to 29, 2021 at six sites, in central Yining City and three surrounding counties (i.e., Yining County, Chapchal and Huocheng). The PM2.5 samples were determined for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) using the thermal-optical method during the campaign. The characteristics of OC and EC were further identified, and the concentration of secondary organic carbon (SOC) was estimated by the minimum ratio method. Also, total carbon was apportioned using positive matrix factorization model (PMF) for the eight carbon fraction data. The results showed that the average concentrations of PM2.5, OC, and EC were (21.9±2.0),(5.0±0.6),(0.6±0.1) μg?m-3, respectively. In addition, the level of carbonaceous fractions content in Yining City was higher than those of the three surrounding counties. High correlations between OC and EC indicated that they had the same sources. The average concentration of SOC was (2.1±0.9) μg?m-3 (accounted for 40.1% of OC, and 9.4% of PM2.5), suggesting that primary emission was the main contributor to OC, and followed by the secondary formation. The ratios of SOC/OC of Huocheng and Yining County exceeded those of Yining City and Chapchal, while the concentration of carbonaceous aerosol presented an opposite trend, implying that Huocheng and Yining County possessed the obvious secondary reactions. The results of PMF indicated that the dominating sources of carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5 in Ili River Valley were vehicle, road dust, and biomass combustion and coal-burning, accounting for 48.8%, 34.0%, and 17.2%, respectively.

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