• 关键词：胞外聚合物（EPS）  二价阳离子  活性污泥  提取特性

• 基金项目：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目（No.LGF20E080020）；浙江省环境污染控制技术研究重点实验室开放基金（No.ZJSHKY-KF-003）

• 王彬斌
• 浙江工业大学，环境学院，杭州 310000

• 于滨玮
• 浙江工业大学，环境学院，杭州 310000

• 何锋
• 浙江工业大学，环境学院，杭州 310000

• 李军
• 浙江工业大学，环境学院，杭州 310000

• 王长智
• 浙江省生态环境科学设计研究院，杭州 310000;浙江省环境污染控制技术研究重点实验室，杭州 310000

• 梅荣武
• 浙江省生态环境科学设计研究院，杭州 310000;浙江省环境污染控制技术研究重点实验室，杭州 310000

• 摘要：胞外聚合物（EPS）在决定活性污泥机械稳定性及理化性质方面发挥着重要作用，对EPS的深入研究和理解有利于更好地认识活性污泥絮体的结构、功能和性质.对EPS高效低损的提取是EPS异位研究的重要前提，而基于二价阳离子去除的EPS提取方法是重要途径之一.本研究分别以实际污水厂和实验室生物反应器活性污泥为EPS提取对象，对阳离子交换树脂（CER）法、乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）法和柠檬酸钠（SC）法的EPS提取特性进行比较，从而系统梳理基于二价阳离子去除的EPS提取法的不同特点.结果表明，SC法具有最高的EPS提取效率，其EPS提取总量是CER法的1.36~1.53倍，是EDTA法的1.98~2.39倍；蛋白质仍然是3种提取法所得EPS的主要组分，但CER法具有最高的蛋白/多糖比，SC法次之，而EDTA法最低，且高的EPS提取量伴随着高的DNA含量；CER法对EPS组分的扰动最小，可以最大限度地保持EPS组分的 原有特性，而EDTA法和SC法会破坏EPS中大分子组分及芳香族蛋白质的分子结构，从而显著改变EPS分子量分布和荧光特性；EPS提取过程中外源提取剂的投加将显著影响EPS分子结构中的官能团分布特性，EDTA法和SC法显著增加了EPS分子结构中C=O（或O=C）的含量， 且EDTA法还增加了EPS分子结构中质子化N的含量.本研究的开展将有助于深入理解基于二价阳离子去除的EPS提取效应，为相关方法的应用提供更广泛的理论和技术支持.

• Abstract：Extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） play an important role in determining the mechanical stability and physicochemical properties of activated sludge. In-depth study of EPS is conducive to better understanding the structure， function and properties of activated sludge flocs. The extraction of EPS from activated sludge with high efficiency and low disturbance is a crucial prerequisite for the study of EPS， and the extraction method based on the removal of divalent cation is one of the important approaches. In this study， the EPS extraction features of cation exchange resin （CER） method， ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid （EDTA） method and sodium citrate （SC） method were compared with the activated sludge from both actual sewage treatment plant and laboratory bioreactor as the extraction object， respectively. The results showed that SC method had the highest EPS extraction capacity， which was 1.36~1.53 times higher than that of CER method and 1.98~2.39 times higher than that of EDTA method， respectively. Protein was the main component of EPS obtained by the three extraction methods， but CER method had the highest protein/polysaccharide ratio， followed by SC method and EDTA method. In addition， high EPS extraction was accompanied by high DNA content. CER method enabled minimal disturbance to EPS components and maximal retention to EPS original characteristics， while EDTA method and SC method tended to destruct the structure of macromolecular components and aromatic proteins in EPS， thus significantly changing the molecular weight distribution and fluorescence characteristics of EPS. The addition of exogenous extractants in EPS extraction process would notably affect the distribution of functional groups in the molecular of EPS. EDTA and SC methods significantly increased the content of C=O （or O=C）， and EDTA method further increased the content of protonated N in the molecular of EPS. This study will pave a path for us to better understand the EPS extraction features of divalent cation removal-based extraction methods， and provide more extensive theoretical and technical support for the application of related methods.

• Key words：extracellular polymeric substances（EPS）  divalent cation  activated sludge  extraction features

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