• 关键词：降雨  巢湖流域  入湖河道  磷形态  面源污染

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目（No.52170098）

• 周艳青
• 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875

• 冯嘉申
• 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875

• 段亭亭
• 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875

• 郝莹
• 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875

• 林泽竹
• 河北地质大学水资源与环境学院，石家庄 050000

• 李迎霞
• 北京师范大学环境学院，北京 100875

• 摘要：为定量揭示降雨对地表水中磷浓度和形态的影响，于2020年6—8月对巢湖入湖河流南淝河的支流板桥河进行了人工加密监测.共监测了4场降雨，采集了409个河道水样并测定了总磷（TP）、溶解态总磷（DTP）、颗粒态磷（PP）、溶解性反应活性磷（DRP）等指标，分析了降雨事件中磷浓度和形态的时空变化规律，以及降雨特征参数和土地利用方式对磷浓度的影响.分析结果显示：降雨过程中各形态磷的浓度均会显著上升，表明河道中磷的浓度变化与降雨过程密切相关.降雨结束12 h后，各形态磷的浓度会恢复到降雨前的水平.在空间上，河道流经城镇区后磷的浓度会显著高于流经农业区.此外，在无降雨时段和降雨频繁的时段，河道中各点位的磷主要以溶解态为主，只有在前期干燥天数较长的情况下，颗粒态磷的比例才会显著上升.监测结果表明，在汛期要结合降雨特征参数和城镇区、农村区不同的污染特征来进行精细化管理，将河道中溶解态磷的去除纳入到管控方案中，同时要重视河道两岸城镇区的面源污染削减.

• Abstract：In order to understand the quantitative effect of rainfall events on phosphorus concentration of the river， intensive manual monitoring in Banqiao River was conducted from June to August in 2020. Four rainfall events were monitored and 409 samples were collected， which were used to investigate total phosphorus （TP）， dissolved total phosphorus （DTP）， particulate phosphorus （PP）， dissolved reactive phosphorus （DRP）. Based on these datasets， temporal and spatial variation of phosphorus concentration during rainfall events were analyzed. Besides， the effect of rainfall characteristic parameters and land use type on phosphorus concentration were discussed. The results showed that concentration of phosphorus in all forms increased significantly during rainfall， indicating phosphorus pollution was closely related to rainfall events. The concentration of phosphorus in all forms returned to pre-rainfall level after 12 hours. Compared with agriculture area， the concentration was significantly higher after flowing through urban area. In most cases， the main species of phosphorus is dissolved. The proportion of PP increased significantly with long antecedent dry days. The results indicated that rainfall characteristic and difference of urban and rural areas should be considered during the integrated management of basin， especially the removal of DTP and non-point source pollution in towns along river banks.

• Key words：rainfall  Chaohu basin  the river flowing into lake  phosphorus species  non-point source pollution

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