研究报告

  • 高杰,黄屿玥,韦冰,史思捷,姚婧梅.底栖动物(苏氏尾鳃蚓Branchiura sowerbyi和椭圆萝卜螺Radix swinhoei)对不同氮负荷程度沉积物脱氮的影响[J].环境科学学报,2022,42(11):202-210

  • 底栖动物(苏氏尾鳃蚓Branchiura sowerbyi和椭圆萝卜螺Radix swinhoei)对不同氮负荷程度沉积物脱氮的影响
  • Effect of macroinvertebrates (Branchiura sowerbyi and Radix swinhoei) on nitrogen removal of sediment with varying nitrogen load levels
  • 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目青年科学基金项目(No.31901147);重庆市留学回国人员创新创业支持计划(No.cx2021107)
  • 作者
  • 单位
  • 高杰
  • 重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045;重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045
  • 黄屿玥
  • 重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045;重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045
  • 韦冰
  • 重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045;重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045
  • 史思捷
  • 重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045;重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045
  • 姚婧梅
  • 重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045;重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045
  • 摘要:沉积物-水界面的底栖动物的生物扰动对微生物反硝化和厌氧氨氧化过程具有重要影响.本研究在两种不同氮负荷程度系统中,比较两种扰动功能不同的底栖生物(苏氏尾鳃蚓Branchiura sowerbyi和椭圆萝卜螺Radix swinhoei)的生物扰动对反硝化和厌氧氨氧化的影响以及沉积物-水系统中氮素的去除效果.结果表明,在负荷1和负荷2系统中,尾鳃蚓和螺促进沉积物反硝化菌丰度增加0.61~2.48倍,厌氧氨氧化菌丰度增加0.53~1.89倍,尾鳃蚓和螺促进系统氮去除量分别增加了16.64~32.18 mg和15.34~39.25 mg,其中负荷2系统中氮的去除量更大;尾鳃蚓的扰动促进上覆水的氮素(NH4+-N、NO3--N和TN)浓度提高了17.67%~230.54%,而螺对上覆水NO3--N和TN浓度没有显著影响;在负荷1和负荷2系统中, 螺组的厌氧氨氧化菌丰度都高于尾鳃蚓组, 且厌氧氨氧化菌所属的浮霉菌门相对丰度增加10.00%~15.12%.研究结果可为减缓淡水生态系统氮污染和富营养化水体修复提供参考和依据.
  • Abstract:Bioturbation of benthic animals at the sediment-water interface plays an important role in microbial denitrification and anammox processes. In this study, we compared the effects of two macroinvertebrates with different disturbance functions (Branchiura sowerbyi and Radix swinhoei) on denitrification and anammox and nitrogen (N) removal with varying nitrogen load levels. The results showed that the abundance of denitrifying bacteria in the sediments increased by 1.61~3.48 times, and the abundance of anammox bacteria increased by 1.53~2.89 times. Nitrogen removal in the system promoted by B. sowerbyi and R. swinhoei increased by 16.64~32.18 mg and 15.34~39.25 mg, respectively. The nitrogen removal in system 2 is higher than that in system 1. The perturbation of the B. sowerbyi promoted the concentration of nitrogen (NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN) in the overlying water to increase by 17.67%~230.54%. In contrast, R. swinhoei had no significant effect on the concentrations of NO3--N and TN in the overlying water. In systems 1 and 2, the abundance of anammox bacteria in the R. swinhoei group was higher compared to that in the B. sowerbyi group, and the relative abundance of the anammox bacteria affiliated phylum Planctomycetes increased by 10.00%~15.12%. The results can provide a reference and basis for alleviating nitrogen pollution in freshwater ecosystems and restoring eutrophic water bodies.

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