• 关键词：气溶胶  辐射强迫  平流层硫酸盐  大气加热速率  蒙特卡洛射线追踪

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51876147）

• 聂鑫
• 武汉科技大学城市建设学院，武汉 430065;湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心，武汉 430081

• 毛前军
• 武汉科技大学城市建设学院，武汉 430065

• 摘要：平流层中的硫酸盐气溶胶在地球能量循环和全球气候变化中发挥着关键性作用.基于自主开发的矢量辐射传输模型，重点研究对流层气溶胶类型、平流层气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）、太阳天顶角（SZA）和地表反照率等对平流层硫酸盐气溶胶辐射强迫和大气加热速率等辐射效应的影响.结果表明，对流层无气溶胶时，平流层气溶胶在大气顶层（TOA）的辐射强迫为-15.80 W·m^-2，地气系统的冷却效应最大.对流层气溶胶为黑碳时，平流层气溶胶在大气底层（BOT）的辐射强迫最小，为-47.53 W·m^-2，地表冷却最大.同时，平流层硫酸盐的辐射强迫导致对流层 降温，平流层升温，在模拟条件下，最大升温可达0.6 K·d^-1.此外，结果还表明，平流层硫酸盐辐射强迫对AOD、SZA和地表反照率均具有很高的敏感性.平流层气溶胶在TOA和BOT的辐射强迫随AOD的增大呈线性减小趋势，但随地表反照率的增大呈线性增大趋势.AOD和SZA的增大会强化辐射强迫的作用效果，但地表反照率的增大可能会改变辐射强迫的正负，导致平流层硫酸盐对地气系统的作用效果从冷却变为加热.

• Abstract：The sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere play a key role in the Earth's energy flow and global climate change. The effects of tropospheric aerosol type， stratospheric aerosol optical depth （AOD）， solar zenith angle （SZA）， and surface albedo on the radiation effects of stratospheric sulfate aerosols such as radiative forcing and atmospheric heating rates have been investigated based on self-developed vector radiative transfer model in this paper. The results show that the stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing at the top of atmosphere （TOA） is -15.80 W·m^-2 when no aerosol in the troposphere and the cooling effect of the earth-atmosphere system is largest. The minimum value of tropospheric aerosol radiative forcing of the bottom of atmosphere （BOT） is -47.53 W·m^-2 when the tropospheric aerosol is black carbon， and the cooling effect of the earth's surface is the largest. Meanwhile， the radiative forcing of stratospheric sulfate aerosol leads to cooling of the troposphere and heating of the stratosphere， and the maximum heating rate can reach 0.6 K·d^-1 under the simulation conditions. In addition， the results also show that the radiative forcing of stratospheric sulfate aerosol is highly sensitive to AOD， SZA， and surface albedo. The stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing of TOA and BOT decreases linearly with the increasing AOD but increases linearly with the increasing surface albedo. The increase of AOD and SZA will strengthen the effect of radiative forcing. However， the increase of surface albedo may change the plus and minus of radiative forcing， which causes the effect of stratospheric sulfate on the earth-atmosphere system changing from cooling to heating.

• Key words：aerosol  radiative forcing  stratospheric sulfate  atmospheric heating rate  Monte Carlo ray tracing

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