• 关键词：村镇饮用水源  碘化物  分布  来源  健康风险

• 基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目（No.2019YFD1100101-02）

• 黄适尔
• 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院，桂林 541004;清华大学环境学院，清华大学水质与水生态研究中心，北京 100084

• 边睿
• 清华大学环境学院，清华大学水质与水生态研究中心，北京 100084;东北师范大学环境学院，长春 130117

• 郭加汛
• 清华大学环境学院，清华大学水质与水生态研究中心，北京 100084

• 谢煜
• 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院，桂林 541004;清华大学环境学院，清华大学水质与水生态研究中心，北京 100084

• 齐维晓
• 清华大学环境学院，清华大学水质与水生态研究中心，北京 100084

• 刘会娟
• 清华大学环境学院，清华大学水质与水生态研究中心，北京 100084

• 李艳红
• 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院，桂林 541004

• 摘要：村镇中小型饮用水源是中国农村饮用水的主要类型，对该类水源中碘化物分布特征的研究较少.为探明山东、安徽村镇饮用水源中碘化物的分布、来源及存在的饮用健康风险，于2021年10—11月对该区域97个代表性村镇饮用水源（湖库、河流、地下水）进行调研和样品采集，综合水化学分析、统计学和风险评价等方法进行分析.结果表明，研究区水体中碘化物的浓度为0.1~294.5 μg·L^-1，其中15%的点位为高碘型 水源，集中在山东菏泽和安徽北部的地下水源，50%的点位为缺碘型水源，以地表水源为主.碘化物浓度与水化学类型密切相关，Ca²⁺·HCO₃^-型水源中74%为缺碘型，Na⁺·HCO₃^-型水源中45%为高碘型.岩石风化的空间异质性导致水化学类型存在差异，水岩作用下的阳离子交换使沉积岩中的碘释放到水中，蒸发浓缩使水中的碘化物富集.健康风险评价表明，2%的水源（菏泽郓城县、淮北濉溪县）的儿童风险熵大于1，成人的高碘饮用水健康风险较低.

• Abstract：Small and medium-sized drinking water sources are the main types in rural areas of China， where systematic research on iodide occurrence and sources are lacked. In order to explore the distribution， sources and existing health risks of iodide in rural drinking water sources in Shandong and Anhui Province， 97 drinking water sources （lakes， reservoirs， rivers and groundwater） in representative villages and towns were investigated and sampled from October to November of 2021. The hydro-chemical analysis， statistics and risk assessment methods were used in this study. The results showed that the concentrations of iodide ranged from 0.1 μg·L^-1 to 294.5 μg·L^-1 in the studied regions， among which 15% of water sources were high iodide type distributing in the underground water sources in Heze， Shandong Province and northern Anhui Province， and 50% of water sources were iodine deficient type that mainly were surface water sources. The concentrations of iodide were closely related to the water chemical types. 74% of Ca²⁺·HCO₃^- type water sources were iodine-deficient， and 45% of Na⁺·HCO₃^- type water sources were high-iodine-type in the regions. The spatial heterogeneity of rock weathering resulted in the different hydro-chemical types. Cation exchange under water-rock interaction released iodide from sedimentary rocks into water， and evaporation and concentration caused the enrichment of iodide in water. The health risk assessments showed that 2% of the water sources （Yuncheng County， Heze； Suixi County， Huaibei） had a hazard quotient greater than 1， and the health risk of high-iodine drinking water for adults was low.

• Key words：rural drinking water source  iodide  distribution  source  health risk

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