研究报告
许晨,罗玉,凌晨,尹聪聪,李建宏.微颗粒聚苯乙烯对微藻的生长和生理代谢影响[J].环境科学学报,2023,43(2):509-515
微颗粒聚苯乙烯对微藻的生长和生理代谢影响
- Effects of polystyrene microparticles on growth and physiological metabolism of microalgae
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.31971561，31370217）
- 作者
- 单位
- 许晨
- 南京师范大学生命科学学院，南京 210023
- 罗玉
- 南京师范大学生命科学学院，南京 210023
- 凌晨
- 南京师范大学生命科学学院，南京 210023
- 尹聪聪
- 南京师范大学生命科学学院，南京 210023
- 李建宏
- 南京师范大学生命科学学院，南京 210023
- 摘要：水体中微塑料污染已是人们普遍关注的问题，微藻是维持水生态系统平衡的重要成分，对水环境中污染物非常敏感，迄今微塑料对微藻潜在的生态效应仍知之甚少.本文比较微颗粒聚苯乙烯（PS， 1 μm）对3种藻类：栅藻（Scenedesmus sp.）、集胞藻（Synechocystis sp. PCC6803）以及惠氏微囊藻（Microcystis wesenbergii FACHB-929）生长的影响.通过测定生长曲线、叶绿素a含量、最大光量子效率（Fv/Fm）、丙二醛含量、抗氧化酶（SOD和CAT）和代谢酶（碱性磷酸酶和脂酶）活性等生理指标，揭示了集胞藻和栅藻对PS不同的生理响应.实验结果表明，100 mg·L-1 PS 暴露对集胞藻和惠氏微囊藻的生长及光合作用有显著抑制作用，其中对集胞藻的抑制作用更为显著，但对栅藻的生长和光合作用具有显著的促进作用.该研究提示：PS对不同微藻会产生不同生物学效应，进入水体的PS有可能改变种群结构，影响水生态系统.
- Abstract：Microplastic pollution in aquatic environments has attracted extensive attention of researchers. Microalgae are important components to maintain the balance of aquatic ecosystem and are very sensitive to pollutants in the water. The potential ecological effects of microplastics on microalgae remain poorly understood up to date. This paper compares the effects of micro particulate polystyrene （PS， 1 μm） on the growth of three algal species， Scenedesmus sp.， Synechocystis sp. PCC6803， and Microcystis wesenbergii FACHB-929. The different physiological responses of Synechocystis and Scenedesmus to PS were revealed by measuring growth curves， chlorophyll a content， maximum photometric efficiency （Fv/Fm）， malondialdehyde content， activities of antioxidant enzymes （SOD and CAT）， and metabolic enzymes （alkaline phosphatase and lipase）. The results showed that the growth and photosynthesis of Synechocystis and M. wesenbergii were significantly inhibited， the inhibition to Synechocystis was more significant， while that of Scenedesmus was significantly promoted when they were exposed to 100 mg·L-1 PS. These results show that PS has different biological effects on different microalgae， and PS entering a water body could change population structure and affect the water ecosystem.
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