钢铁厂不同工序排放的颗粒物毒理机制探究
- Exploration of the toxicological mechanisms of particulate matter emitted from different processes in steel mills
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金重点项目，陕西省重点研发计划项目
- 摘要：针对钢铁厂大气污染治理主要集中在总量控制和浓度减排，论文从毒理效应的角度评估钢铁生产排放的颗粒物有机和无机成分的毒性作用。研究采用毒理基因组学法，分析了某钢铁厂烧结、干熄焦、炼铁、炼钢四个关键工序排放颗粒物的毒性模式，利用转录效应水平指数（TELI值）对其毒性水平进行了量化。结果显示，所有考察工序排放的颗粒物均能引发显著的氧化损伤和膜损伤，且其毒性随着暴露浓度的提高而增强。比较不同颗粒物发现，颗粒物无机组分的毒性普遍超过有机组分，其中以高炉排放颗粒物的无机组分毒性最为显著，其次为转炉、烧结、干熄焦。特别是，当高炉排放颗粒物的无机组分暴露浓度达到1×10-5mg?L-1时， TELImax为1.854。此外，在烧结工序中颗粒物有机组分主要通过膜应激诱导毒性效应，而无机组分则是通过氧化应激和膜应激产生毒性。这些发现为钢铁行业颗粒物污染治理提供了新的视角和基础依据。
- Abstract：In view of the fact that the air pollution control of iron and steel plants was mainly focused on total amount control and concentration reduction, this paper evaluates the toxic effects of organic and inorganic components of particulate matter emitted from iron and steel production. From the perspective of toxicological effects, in this study, the toxicological genomics method was used to analyze the toxic patterns of particulate matter emitted from four key processes of sintering, coke dry quenching, ironmaking and steelmaking in a steel plant, while the toxicity level was quantified by the transcription effect level index ( TELI value ). The results showed that the released particulate matter from all the investigation processes could cause significant oxidative damage and membrane damage, and its toxicity increased with the increase of exposure concentration. By comparing different particulate matters, it is clear that the toxicity of inorganic components of particulate matter is generally higher than that of organic components, among which the toxicity of inorganic components of particulate matter derived from blast furnace is the most significant, followed by converter, sintering and dry quenching. In particular, the TELImax was 1.854 when the exposure concentration of the inorganic components of the particulate matter from the blast furnace reached 1×10-5 mg?L-1. In addition, in the sintering process, the organic components of the particulate matter mainly induce toxic effects through membrane stress, while the inorganic components are toxic through oxidative stress and membrane stress. These findings provide a novel perspective and basis for the treatment of air particulate pollution in the steel industry.
